Continuous solutions for divergence-type equations associated to elliptic systems of complex vector fields

Abstract: In this paper, we characterize all the distributions

F i n m a t h c a l D^{'} (U)

such that there exists a continuous weak solution

v i n C (U, m a t h b b C^{n})

(with

U s u b s e t O m e g a

) to the divergence-type equation

L_{1}^{*}v_{1}+...+L_{n}^{*}v_{n}=F,

where

l e f t L_{1}, d o t s, L_{n} i g h t

is an elliptic system of linearly independent vector fields with smooth complex coefficients defined on

O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{N}

. In case where

(L_{1}, d o t s, L_{n})

is the usual gradient field on

m a t h b b R^{N}

, we recover the classical result for the divergence equation proved by T. De Pauw and W. Pfeffer.

Review text

This paper is concerned with the study of the local continuous solvability of the equation \(\text{div}_{\mathcal L^*}=F\). The main result establishes that a suitable continuity property on \(F\) is a necessary condition for the continuous solvability of the above problem. The authors also show that this continuity property is also sufficient, under the ellipticity assumption on the system of vector fields. The proof uses tools from pseudodifferential operators, which are useful in the present local setting of a system of complex vector fields with variable coefficients. The final section includes an appendix, which contains some technical results on pseudodifferential operators, mainly on their boundedness and compactness.

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