Weak and strong structures and the T₃.5 property for generalized topological spaces

DOI10.1007/S10474-016-0653-7MaRDI QIDQ1677523zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 10 November 2017

Published in Acta Mathematica Hungarica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.02881

\(\kappa\)-compact \(T_{3.5}\)compact generalized topology Lindelöf normal ordered generalized topological space product quotient subspace sum weak and strong structure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topological spaces and generalizations (closure spaces, etc.) (54A05) Categorical methods in general topology (54B30)

Abstract: We investigate weak and strong structures for generalized topological spaces, among others products, sums, subspaces, quotients, and the complete lattice of generalized topologies on a given set. Also we introduce

T_{3.5}

generalized topological spaces and give a necessary and sufficient condition for a generalized topological space to be a

T_{3.5}

space: they are exactly the subspaces of powers of a certain natural generalized topology on

[0, 1]

. For spaces with at least two points here we can have even dense subspaces. Also,

T_{3.5}

generalized topological spaces are exactly the dense subspaces of compact

T_{4}

generalized topological spaces. We show that normality is productive for generalized topological spaces. For compact generalized topological spaces we prove the analogue of the Tychonoff product theorem. We prove that also Lindel"ofness (and

k a p p a

-compactness) is productive for generalized topological spaces. On any ordered set we introduce a generalized topology and determine the continuous maps between two such generalized topological spaces: for

| X |, | Y | g e 2

they are the monotonous maps continuous between the respective order topologies. We investigate the relation of sums and subspaces of generalized topological spaces to ways of defining generalized topological spaces.

Review text

In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of products, sums, subspaces, quotients, and the complete lattice of generalized topologies on a given set in the categorical sense. Also, completely regular \(T_{3.5}\) generalized topological spaces and \(\kappa\)-compact generalized topological spaces are defined. For \(\kappa=\aleph_{0}\) this is compactness; for \(\kappa=\aleph_{1}\) this is the Lindelöf property. The following results are proved: (1)\, a generalized topological space is \(T_{3.5}\) if and only if it is a subspace of some power of the generalized topological space \([0, 1]\), if and only if it is a subspace of a normal \(T_{4}\) generalized topological space; (2)\, subspaces and products of \(T_{0}\), \(T_{1}\), \(T_{2}\), regular, \(T_{3}\), completely regular or \(T_{3.5}\) generalized topological spaces are \(T_{0}\), \(T_{1}\), \(T_{2}\), regular, \(T_{3}\), completely regular or \(T_{3.5}\), respectively. Also, normality is productive for generalized topological spaces; (3)\, for any infinite cardinal \(\kappa\), \(\kappa\)-compactness is closed hereditary and productive for generalized topological spaces, and is also inherited by surjective images for generalized topological spaces; (4)\, for ordered spaces \((X, \leqq)\) there is a natural generalized topology on \(X\), and the continuous functions between two such spaces \(X, Y\), for \(| X| , | Y | \geqq 2\) are exactly the monotone maps continuous in the respective order topologies.

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