Beyond-quantum modeling of question order effects and response replicability in psychological measurements

DOI10.1016/J.JMP.2017.03.004zbMATH Open1397.91534arXiv1508.03686OpenAlexW1824083367WikidataQ58147064 ScholiaQ58147064MaRDI QIDQ1679040FDOQ1679040

Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi, Diederik Aerts

Publication date: 8 November 2017

Published in: Journal of Mathematical Psychology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: A general tension-reduction (GTR) model was recently considered to derive quantum probabilities as (universal) averages over all possible forms of non-uniform fluctuations, and explain their considerable success in describing experimental situations also outside of the domain of physics, for instance in the ambit of quantum models of cognition and decision. Yet, this result also highlighted the possibility of observing violations of the predictions of the Born rule, in those situations where the averaging would not be large enough, or would be altered because of the combination of multiple measurements. In this article we show that this is indeed the case in typical psychological measurements exhibiting question order effects, by showing that their statistics of outcomes are inherently non-Hilbertian, and require the larger framework of the GTR-model to receive an exact mathematical description. We also consider another unsolved problem of quantum cognition: response replicability. It is has been observed that when question order effects and response replicability occur together, the situation cannot be handled anymore by quantum theory. However, we show that it can be easily and naturally described in the GTR-model. Based on these findings, we motivate the adoption in cognitive science of a hidden-measurements interpretation of the quantum formalism, and of its GTR-model generalization, as the natural interpretational framework explaining the data of psychological measurements on conceptual entities.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1508.03686

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zbMATH Keywords

Born rulequantum cognitionBloch spheregeneral tension-reduction modelquestion order effectsresponse replicability

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Psychophysics and psychophysiology; perception (91E30) Measurement and performance in psychology (91E45) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15)

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Cited In (5)

• The triple-store experiment: a first simultaneous test of classical and quantum probabilities in choice over menus
• A new method to predict the interference effect in quantum-like Bayesian networks
• Quantum-like models cannot account for the conjunction fallacy
• Violation of CHSH inequality and marginal laws in mixed sequential measurements with order effects
• Nondistributivity of human logic and violation of response replicability effect in cognitive psychology

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