Time-reversal breaking in QCD₄, walls, and dualities in 2 + 1 dimensions

DOI10.1007/JHEP01(2018)110zbMATH Open1384.83056arXiv1708.06806MaRDI QIDQ1745522FDOQ1745522

Davide Gaiotto, Nathan Seiberg, Zohar Komargodski

Publication date: 17 April 2018

Published in: Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study $SU(N)$ Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in 3+1 dimensions with $N_f$ degenerate fundamental quarks with mass $m$ and a $heta$-parameter. For generic $m$ and $heta$ the theory has a single gapped vacuum. However, as $heta$ is varied through $heta=pi$ for large $m$ there is a first order transition. For $N_f=1$ the first order transition line ends at a point with a massless $et{a}^{\prime }$ particle (for all $N$) and for $N_f>1$ the first order transition ends at $m=0$, where, depending on the value of $N_f$, the IR theory has free Nambu-Goldstone bosons, an interacting conformal field theory, or a free gauge theory. Even when the $4d$ bulk is smooth, domain walls and interfaces can have interesting phase transitions separating different $3d$ phases. These turn out to be the phases of the recently studied $3d$ Chern-Simons matter theories, thus relating the dynamics of QCD${}_4$ and QCD${}_3$, and, in particular, making contact with the recently discussed dualities in 2+1 dimensions. For example, when the massless $4d$ theory has an $SU(N_f)$ sigma model, the domain wall theory at low (nonzero) mass supports a $3d$ massless $C{P}^{N_f-1}$ nonlinear $sigma$-model with a Wess-Zumino term, in agreement with the conjectured dynamics in 2+1 dimensions.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.06806

zbMATH Keywords

anomalies in field and string theoriesChern-Simons theoriesduality in gauge field theoriesspontaneous symmetry breaking

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eta-invariants, Chern-Simons invariants (58J28) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Anomalies in quantum field theory (81T50) Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics (81V05) String and superstring theories in gravitational theory (83E30)

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Cited In (89)

• Higher-form symmetries and 3-group in axion electrodynamics
• The mixed 0-form/1-form anomaly in Hilbert space: pouring the new wine into old bottles
• Charting the phase diagram of \(\mathrm{QCD}_3\)
• Random matrix approach to three-dimensional QCD with a Chern-Simons term
• On the baryon-color-flavor (BCF) anomaly in vector-like theories
• The large \(N\) phase diagram of \(\mathcal{N} = 2\) \(\mathrm{SU}(N)\) Chern-Simons theory with one fundamental chiral multiplet
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• The holography of duality in \(\mathcal{N} = 4\) Super-Yang-Mills theory
• Phases of \(\mathcal{N} = 1\) quivers in \(2 + 1\) dimensions
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• Linking entanglement and discrete anomaly
• Anomaly constraint on massless QCD and the role of skyrmions in chiral symmetry breaking
• Anomaly matching, (axial) Schwinger models, and high-T super Yang-Mills domain walls
• Quantum distillation of Hilbert spaces, semi-classics and anomaly matching
• Generalization of \(\mathrm{QCD}_3\) symmetry-breaking and flavored quiver dualities
• Circle compactification and 't Hooft anomaly
• Dual simulation of the 2d \(\operatorname{U}(1)\) gauge Higgs model at topological angle \(\theta = \pi\): Critical endpoint behavior
• Global 3-group symmetry and 't Hooft anomalies in axion electrodynamics
• Topological terms and anomaly matching in effective field theories on \(\mathbb{R}^3 \times \mathbb{S}^1\). I: Abelian symmetries and intermediate scales
• Semi-abelian gauge theories, non-invertible symmetries, and string tensions beyond \(N\)-ality
• Spontaneous \(CP\) breaking in QCD and the axion potential: an effective Lagrangian approach
• The Hilbert space of large \(N\) Chern-Simons matter theories
• Modified instanton sum in QCD and higher-groups
• Anomaly matching in QCD thermal phase transition
• Coset cosmology
• Fractional \({\theta}\) angle, 't Hooft anomaly, and quantum instantons in charge-\(q\) multi-flavor Schwinger model
• String tensions in deformed Yang-Mills theory
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• Symmetry-enriched quantum spin liquids in \((3 + 1)d\)
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• Domain walls in \(4d \) \(\mathcal{N} = 1\) SYM
• Dynamics of \(\mathrm{QCD}_3\) with rank-two quarks and duality
• Phases of \( \mathcal{N}=1 \) theories in 2 + 1 dimensions
• Bose-Fermi Chern-Simons dualities in the Higgsed phase
• Duality and an exact Landau-Ginzburg potential for quasi-bosonic Chern-Simons-matter theories
• Time reversal, \(\mathrm{SU}(N)\) Yang-Mills and cobordisms: Interacting topological superconductors/insulators and quantum spin liquids in 3+1D
• Master 3d bosonization duality with boundaries
• Flows, fixed points and duality in Chern-Simons-matter theories
• A master bosonization duality
• A symmetry breaking scenario for \({\mathrm{QCD}}_{3}\)
• Three-dimensional dualities with bosons and fermions
• Strong-weak Chern-Simons-matter dualities from a lattice construction
• Novel 3d bosonic dualities from bosonization and holography
• Nonperturbative effects in the standard model with gauged 1-form symmetry
• Anomalies for anomalous symmetries
• 't Hooft anomaly matching condition and chiral symmetry breaking without bilinear condensate
• Graded Hilbert spaces, quantum distillation and connecting SQCD to QCD
• Symmetries of abelian Chern-Simons theories and arithmetic
• Exploring the \(\theta\)-vacuum structure in the functional renormalization group approach
• On discrete anomalies in chiral gauge theories
• New and old fermionic dualities from 3d bosonization
• Coupling a cosmic string to a TQFT
• Baryons as vortexes on the \(\eta^\prime\) domain wall
• Mildly flavoring domain walls in \(\mathrm{Sp} (N)\) SQCD
• Line operators, Vortex statistics, and Higgs versus confinement dynamics
• Gauge theory geography: charting a path between semiclassical islands
• Hall droplet sheets in holographic QCD
• Anomaly of \((2+1)\)-dimensional symmetry-enriched topological order from \((3+1)\)-dimensional topological quantum field theory
• Symmetries and topological operators, on average
• Anomalies of generalized symmetries from solitonic defects
• Candidate phases for SU(2) adjoint \(\mathrm{QCD}_4\) with two flavors from \(\mathcal{N} = 2\) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
• Semiclassical analysis of the bifundamental QCD on \(\mathbb{R}^2\times T^2\) with 't Hooft flux
• Non-supersymmetric duality cascade of QCD(BF) via semiclassics on \(\mathbb{R}^2 \times T^2\) with the baryon-'t Hooft flux
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• Semiclassics with 't Hooft flux background for QCD with 2-index quarks
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• Comments on \(\mathrm{QCD}_3\) and anomalies with fundamental and adjoint matter
• The QCD phase diagram in the space of imaginary Chemical potential via 't Hooft anomalies
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• BCF anomaly and higher-group structure in the low energy effective theories of mesons
• Higher-group structure in \(2n\)-dimensional axion-electrodynamics
• On the dynamical origin of the \(\eta^\prime\) potential and the axion mass
• Topology of \(\mathrm{SU}(N)\) lattice gauge theories coupled with \(\mathbb{Z}_N\) 2-form gauge fields
• Mapping large N slightly broken higher spin (SBHS) theory correlators to free theory correlators
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• Conformal field theory and the hot phase of three-dimensional U(1) gauge theory

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