Proper holomorphic self-maps of quasi-balanced domains

A well-known result by \textit{H. Alexander} [Indiana Univ. Math. J. 26, 137--146 (1977; Zbl 0391.32015)] asserts that any proper holomorphic self-map of the unit ball in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) is an automorphism. There are various endeavors to extend this result to certain smoothly bounded pseudoconvex domains of finite type in \(\mathbb{C}^n\). Definition. Let \(D\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{C}^n\) containing the origin. \({D}\) is said to be quasi-balanced if the following holds: if \(z:= (z_1,\dots,z_n)\in{D}\) then so is \((\lambda^{m_1}z_1,\dots, \lambda^{m_n}z_n)\), where \(m_i\in\mathbb{Z}^+\) and \(\lambda\in\{\gamma\in\mathbb{C}: |\gamma|\leq 1\}\). If \(m_1=\cdots= m_n\), \({D}\) is called a balanced domain. The main result of this paper is the following. Theorem 1. Let \(D\) be a smoothly bounded pseudoconvex quasi-balanced domain of finite type in \(\mathbb C^n\). Then any proper holomorphic self-map of \(D\) is an automorphism. The proof of this result combines the techniques of [\textit{B. Coupet} et al., Nagoya Math. J. 164, 1--16 (2001; Zbl 1031.32018); \textit{J. Janardhanan}, Math. Z. 280, No. 1--2, 257--268 (2015; Zbl 1321.32008)], using holomorphic dynamic of \(\mathbb{P}_1\) as well as the dynamics results by Opshtein. As noticed by the authors, tetrablocks and symmetrized ellipsoids are examples of quasi-balanced domains for which this Alexander-type result is known to hold.

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