Probabilistic and fractal aspects of Lévy trees

DOI10.1007/S00440-004-0385-4MaRDI QIDQ1773993zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J.-F. Le Gall, Thomas S. A. Duquesne

Publication date 28 April 2005

Published in Zeitschrift für Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verwandte Gebiete (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0501079

zbMATH Keywords

fractal dimensionGalton-Watson treeheight processtopological supportbranching propertylocal time measure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Branching processes (Galton-Watson, birth-and-death, etc.) (60J80) Sample path properties (60G17) Local time and additive functionals (60J55)

Abstract: We investigate the random continuous trees called L'evy trees, which are obtained as scaling limits of discrete Galton-Watson trees. We give a mathematically precise definition of these random trees as random variables taking values in the set of equivalence classes of compact rooted R-trees, which is equipped with the Gromov-Hausdorff distance. To construct L'evy trees, we make use of the coding by the height process which was studied in detail in previous work. We then investigate various probabilistic properties of L'evy trees. In particular we establish a branching property analogous to the well-known property for Galton-Watson trees: Conditionally given the tree below level a, the subtrees originating from that level are distributed as the atoms of a Poisson point measure whose intensity involves a local time measure supported on the vertices at distance a from the root. We study regularity properties of local times in the space variable, and prove that the support of local time is the full level set, except for certain exceptional values of a corresponding to local extinctions. We also compute several fractal dimensions of L'evy trees, including Hausdorff and packing dimensions, in terms of lower and upper indices for the branching mechanism function $psi$ which characterizes the distribution of the tree. We finally discuss some applications to super-Brownian motion with a general branching mechanism.

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