Bilinear form of real configuration of hyperplanes
Combinatorial aspects of matroids and geometric lattices (05B35) Quantum groups (quantized enveloping algebras) and related deformations (17B37) Homological methods in Lie (super)algebras (17B55) Kac-Moody (super)algebras; extended affine Lie algebras; toroidal Lie algebras (17B67) Lattices of subspaces and geometric closure systems (51D25) Arrangements of points, flats, hyperplanes (aspects of discrete geometry) (52C35)
A real configuration \({\mathcal C}\) is a finite set of hyperplanes in some real affine space (synonymous to real arrangement of hyperplanes in \textit{P. Orlik} and \textit{H. Terao} [Arrangements of hyperplanes (1992; Zbl 0757.55001)], any nonempty intersection of some subset of \({\mathcal C}\) is called an edge, the connected components of the complement of the union of \({\mathcal C}\) are called domains. If to any hyperplane \(H\in{\mathcal C}\) there is assigned a real number \(a(H)\) called weight, then edges are weighted with the product of all hyperplanes containing them. Let \(A_{\mathcal C}\) be the ring of polynomials with \(\{a(H)| H\in{\mathcal C}\}\) as set of variables, and with integer coefficients, \(M_{\mathcal C}\) the space of \(A_{\mathcal C}\)- linear combinations of domains of \({\mathcal C}\). Then \(B(P,Q):=\prod\{a(H)| H\in{\mathcal C}\) separates \(P\) and \(Q\}\) defines an \(A_{\mathcal C}\)-bilinear symmetric form in \(M_{\mathcal C}\), which the author calls the quantum bilinear form of \({\mathcal C}\). The major part of the paper is devoted to the proof of the following. Theorem. The determinant of \(B\) is equal to a product of powers of binomials of the form \(1-a(L)^ 2\) where \(L\) runs through all the edges of \({\mathcal C}\), and any such binomial occurs with an exponent which is shown to be the product of the number of domains of the configuration in \(L\) induced by restriction of \({\mathcal C}\), and of some well-defined integer which depends on how \({\mathcal C}\) restricts to an arbitrarily chosen normal of \(L\). In particular, if \(B\) belongs to the configuration of all hyperplanes \(\text{Ker}(t_ i-t_ j)\) in real \(k\)-space where \(1\leq i\leq j\leq k\), then it can be interpreted as the contravariant form of some suitable quantum group [cf. \textit{V. Schechtman} and the author, ICM-90 Satell. Conf. Proc., 182-197 (1991; Zbl 0760.17014)].
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