Topological order and conformal quantum critical points

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2004.01.004zbMATH Open1052.81089arXivcond-mat/0311466OpenAlexW2054766688MaRDI QIDQ1826752FDOQ1826752

Authors: Eddy Ardonne, Paul Fendley, Eduardo Fradkin 

Publication date: 6 August 2004

Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We discuss a certain class of two-dimensional quantum systems which exhibit conventional order and topological order, as well as two-dimensional quantum critical points separating these phases. All of the ground-state equal-time correlators of these theories are equal to correlation functions of a local two-dimensional classical model. The critical points therefore exhibit a time-independent form of conformal invariance. These theories characterize the universality classes of two-dimensional quantum dimer models and of quantum generalizations of the eight-vertex model, as well as Z_2 and non-abelian gauge theories. The conformal quantum critical points are relatives of the Lifshitz points of three-dimensional anisotropic classical systems such as smectic liquid crystals. In particular, the ground-state wave functional of these quantum Lifshitz points is just the statistical (Gibbs) weight of the ordinary 2D free boson, the 2D Gaussian model. The full phase diagram for the quantum eight-vertex model exhibits quantum critical lines with continuously-varying critical exponents separating phases with long-range order from a Z_2 deconfined topologically-ordered liquid phase. We show how similar ideas also apply to a well-known field theory with non-abelian symmetry, the strong-coupling limit of 2+1-dimensional Yang-Mills gauge theory with a Chern-Simons term. The ground state of this theory is relevant for recent theories of topological quantum computation.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0311466

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum computation (81P68) Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) Critical phenomena in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B27) Statistical mechanics of random media, disordered materials (including liquid crystals and spin glasses) (82D30) Quantum field theory on lattices (81T25)

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