Correspondences between K3 surfaces (with an appendix by Igor Dolgachev)
The authors study the existence of correspondences between \(K3\) surfaces \(X(k,m,n)\) with \(k,m,n \in \mathbb{N}\), Picard number \(\rho=17\) and transcendental lattice \(T(k,m,n) \simeq U(k)\oplus U(m) \oplus \langle-2n\rangle\), where \(U(i)\) is the hyperbolic lattice twisted by \(i\) and \(\langle j\rangle\) is the lattice \(\mathbb{Z}\langle e\rangle\) with bilinear form \(\langle e,e\rangle=j\). \textit{S. Mukai} [in: Vector bundles on algebraic varieties, Pap. Colloq., Bombay 1984, Stud. Math., Tata Inst. Fundam. Res. 11, 341--413 (1987; Zbl 0674.14023)] proved that correspondences between \(K3\) surfaces exist if the transcendental lattices are Hodge isometric over \(\mathbb Q\). This construction holds if \(\rho \geq 11\), successively \textit{V. V. Nikulin} [Math. USSR, Izv. 30, No. 2, 375--383 (1988); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 51, No. 2, 402--411 (1987; Zbl 0653.14007)] improved the bound to \(\rho \geq 5\). The authors aim to realize examples of \(K3\) surfaces with transcendental lattices that are not Hodge isometric but such that a correspondence between them already exist. In section 4, they consider a generic curve of genus 2 and show the existence of a correspondence between the Jacobian of the curve and a \(K3\) surface \(X_{1}\) with isomorphic transcendental lattices. The construction involves a Kummer surface \(X_{2}\) which is in correspondence with \(X_{1}\). In the appendix, Igor Dolgachev gives a geometric realization of the correspondence between the \(K3\) surface \(X_{1}\) and the Kummer surface \(X_{2}\). In section 6, it is proved that all \(K3\) surfaces \(X(k,m,n)\) are in correspondence to each other, and that every \(X(k,m,n)\) has a correspondence with the Jacobian surface of section 4. Lastly, they generalize this result proving that if \(X\) is a general \(K3\) surface with \(\rho=17\) and with \(T_{X} \otimes \mathbb{Q}\) isomorphic as a Hodge structure to \(T_{K} \otimes \mathbb{Q}\), where \(K\) is a Kummer surface, then there is a correspondence between \(X\) and \(K\).
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