Formulas for the inverses of Toeplitz matrices with polynomially singular symbols
Theory of matrix inversion and generalized inverses (15A09) Green's functions for ordinary differential equations (34B27) Toeplitz operators, Hankel operators, Wiener-Hopf operators (47B35) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20) Applications of operator theory in probability theory and statistics (47N30)
Let \(T\) be the unit circle and \(T_N(h)\) be the \((N+1)\times (N+1)\) Toeplitz matrix \((\widehat h(k-\ell))_{k,\ell}^N\), where \(\widehat h(k)\) are the Fourier coefficients of the function \(h(t)=|1-t|^{2p}f_1(t), t\in T, p\in \mathbb N\). The authors study the asymptotic behavior of the \(k,\ell\) entry \([T_N^{-1} (h)]_{k,\ell}\) as \(N\to\infty\). Denote \(A_1(T)=\{a\in L^1(T):\sum_{k\in \mathbb Z}(|k|+1)|{\widehat a}(k)|< \infty\}\) and let \(f_1>0, f_1\in A_1(T).\) It is established that \[ [T_N^{-1} (h)]_{[Nx]+1,[Ny]+1}= \frac{1}{f_1(1)}G_p(x,y)N^{2p-1}+o(N^{2p-1}) \] as \(N\to\infty\) uniformly with respect to \(x\) and \(y\) in \([0,1]\), where \(G_p(x,y)\) can be identified, with the Green kernel associated to the differential operator \((-1)^p\frac{d^{2p}}{dx^{2p}}\) with the boundary conditions \(f_1^{(0)}(0)=\dots=f_1^{(p-1)}(0)=0, f_1^{(0)}(1)=\dots =f_1^{(p-1)}(1)=0\) . The authors remark that the expression for \(G_p(x,y)\) may also be given by a formula due \textit{A. Böttcher} (see [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 50, No. 1, 43--55 (2004; Zbl 1070.47015)] and the historical references therein): \[ G_p(x,y)=\frac{x^py^p}{[(p-1)!]^2} \int_y^1\frac{(t-x)^{p-1}(t-y)^{p-1}}{t^{2p}} \,dt. \] and \(G_p(0,0)=0\) . In the case \(f_1=g_1\overline{g_1}\), where \(g_1,g_1^{-1}\in H^\infty\), \(g_1(0)>0\), the following asymptotic formula for \(0<x\leq 1\) is valid: \[ [T_N^{-1} (h)]_{[Nx]+1,1}= \frac{1}{g_1(0)c_p(g_1(1))} \frac{x^{p-1}(1-x)^p}{(p-1)!}N^{p-1}+o(N^{p-1}) \] as \(N\to\infty\) uniformly in \([\delta, 1]\) for all \(\delta\), \(0<\delta<1\). Here \(c_p(z)=z\) if \(p\) is odd and \(c_p(z)=\overline z\) if \(p\) is even.
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