Willmore spheres in compact Riemannian manifolds
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Publication:1929210
conformal differential geometryelliptic regularity theorygeometric PDEminimal surfacesoptimal surfacesweak immersions
Extremal problems for conformal and quasiconformal mappings, variational methods (30C70) Variational methods for higher-order elliptic equations (35J35) Higher-order elliptic systems (35J48) Variational methods for elliptic systems (35J50) PDEs on manifolds (35R01) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Variational problems concerning extremal problems in several variables; Yang-Mills functionals (58E15) Variational principles in infinite-dimensional spaces (58E30)
Abstract: The paper is devoted to the variational analysis of the Willmore, and other L^2 curvature functionals, among immersions of 2-dimensional surfaces into a compact riemannian m-manifold (M^m,h) with m>2. The goal of the paper is twofold, on one hand, we give the right setting for doing the calculus of variations (including min max methods) of such functionals for immersions into manifolds and, on the other hand, we prove existence results for possibly branched Willmore spheres under various constraints (prescribed homotopy class, prescribed area) or under curvature assumptions for M^m. To this aim, using the integrability by compensation, we develop first the regularity theory for the critical points of such functionals. We then prove a rigidity theorem concerning the relation between CMC and Willmore spheres. Then we prove that, for every non null 2-homotopy class, there exists a representative given by a Lipschitz map from the 2-sphere into M^m realizing a connected family of conformal smooth (possibly branched) area constrained Willmore spheres (as explained in the introduction, this comes as a natural extension of the minimal immersed spheres in homotopy class constructed by Sacks and Uhlembeck in cite{SaU}, in situations when they do not exist). Moreover, for every A>0 we minimize the Willmore functional among connected families of weak, possibly branched, immersions of the 2-sphere having prescribed total area equal to A and we prove full regularity for the minimizer. Finally, under a mild curvature condition on (M^m,h), we minimize the sum of the area with the square of the L^2 norm of the second fundamental form, among weak possibly branched immersions of the two sphere and we prove the regularity of the minimizer.
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- Existence of immersed spheres minimizing curvature functionals in non-compact 3-manifolds
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- Immersed spheres of finite total curvature into manifolds
- The Classification of Branched Willmore Spheres in the 3-Sphere and the 4-Sphere
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- An Hélein's type convergence theorem for conformal immersions from \(\mathbb{S}^2\) to manifold
- Large area-constrained Willmore surfaces in asymptotically Schwarzschild \(3\)-manifolds
- Optimal rigidity estimates for varifolds almost minimizing the Willmore energy
- A viscosity method in the min-max theory of minimal surfaces
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