Concentration of small Hawking type surfaces

DOI10.1016/J.DIFGEO.2022.101927MaRDI QIDQ2099425zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Alexander Friedrich

Publication date 23 November 2022

Published in Differential Geometry and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.02388

zbMATH Keywords

Hawking energyquasi-local energyWillmore functional

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Variational methods applied to PDEs (35A15) Quasilinear elliptic equations with mean curvature operator (35J93)

Abstract: We investigate the Hawking energy of small surfaces in space times without symmetry assumptions by introducing the notion of Hawking type functionals. In particular, we find that Hawking type functionals are generalized Willmore functionals which allows us to find area constrained, minimizing, immersed, haunted bubble trees. These bubble trees are smooth spheres provided their area is small enough. Following a similar analysis of the Willmore functional conducted by T. Lamm and J. Metzger we characterize the concentration points of area constrained, critical surfaces for Hawking type functionals and the Hawking energy. Moreover, we determine their expansion on small surfaces.

Recommendations

• Local foliations by critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and small sphere limit
• The Hawking energy on photon surfaces
• Quasi-localization of Bondi-Sachs energy loss
• Concentration of small Willmore spheres in Riemannian 3-manifolds
• Time flat surfaces and the monotonicity of the spacetime Hawking mass. II

Cites work

• \(W^{2,2}\)-conformal immersions of a closed Riemann surface into \(\mathbb{R}^n\)
• A \(C^{0}\) estimate for nearly umbilical surfaces
• A new conformal invariant and its applications to the Willmore conjecture and the first eigenvalue of compact surfaces
• Bubble tree of branched conformal immersions and applications to the Willmore functional
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1419202 (Why is no real title available?)
• Minimizers of the Willmore functional with a small area constraint
• Normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. The noncompact case
• Optimal rigidity estimates for nearly umbilical surfaces
• Quasi-local energy-momentum and angular momentum in gr: a review article
• Removability of point singularities of Willmore surfaces
• Small Surfaces of Willmore Type in Riemannian Manifolds
• Some results about the existence of critical points for the Willmore functional
• The small sphere limit of quasilocal energy in higher dimensions along lightcone cuts
• Willmore spheres in compact Riemannian manifolds

Cited in

(1)

• Local foliations by critical surfaces of the Hawking energy and small sphere limit

This page was built for publication: Concentration of small Hawking type surfaces

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q2099425)