A nonlinear stochastic heat equation: Hölder continuity and smoothness of the density of the solution

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Publication:1940243



Abstract: In this paper, we establish a version of the Feynman-Kac formula for multidimensional stochastic heat equation driven by a general semimartingale. This Feynman-Kac formula is then applied to study some nonlinear stochastic heat equations driven by nonhomogenous Gaussian noise: First, it is obtained an explicit expression for the Malliavin derivatives of the solutions. Based on the representation we obtain the smooth property of the density of the law of the solution. On the other hand, we also obtain the H"older continuity of the solutions.


The authors first consider the nonlinear stochastic heat equation \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}=\frac{1}{2}\triangle u +b(u)+\sigma(u) \dot{W}(t,x), \quad t\geq 0,\;x\in \mathbb{R}^d \] with initial condition \[ u(0,x)=u_0(x), \] where \(\Delta=\sum_{i=1}^d \frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x_i^2}\) is the Laplace operator, \(b\) and \(\sigma\) are globally Lipschitz continuous functions, and \(W\) is a zero mean Gaussian random field, which is a Brownian motion in the time variable and has a nonhomogeneous spatial covariance with density \(q(x,y)\); \(\dot{W}(t,x)\) denotes the generalized random field \(\frac {\partial^{d+1} W}{\partial t \partial x_1 \dots \partial x_d}\). The authors define \[ V_{s,\xi}(t,x)= \int_{\mathbb{R}^d} c(\xi, y) D_{s,y}u(t,x) dy, \] where \(c\) is the square root of the kernel \(q\) as an operator. Then, for any fixed \((s,\xi)\), \(V_{s,\xi}(t,x)\) satisfies the linear stochastic heat equation with random coefficients \[ \frac{\partial V_{s,\xi}}{\partial t}=\frac{1}{2}\triangle V_{s,\xi}+b'(u)V_{s,\xi}+\sigma'(u) V_{s,\xi} \dot {W}(t,x), \quad t\geq s,\;x\in \mathbb{R}^d, \] with initial condition \[ V_{s,\xi}(s,x)= c(\xi,x)\sigma(u(s,x)). \] They establish a version of the Feynman-Kac formula for the above multidimensional stochastic heat equation driven by a general semimartingale and apply it to study the smoothness properties of the density of the law of the solution to above nonlinear stochastic heat equation.




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