Global bifurcation of planar and spatial periodic solutions from the polygonal relative equilibria for the n-body problem

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2012.08.022MaRDI QIDQ1941129zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. Ize, C. García-Azpeitia

Publication date 11 March 2013

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1303.6319

zbMATH Keywords

\((n+1)\)-body problemequivariant degree theoryglobal bifurcationring configuration

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetries, invariants of ordinary differential equations (34C14) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Dynamical aspects of symmetries, equivariant bifurcation theory (37G40) Degree theory for nonlinear operators (47H11) (n)-body problems (70F10)

Abstract: Given $n$ point masses turning in a plane at a constant speed, this paper deals with the global bifurcation of periodic solutions for the masses, in that plane and in space. As a special case, one has a complete study of n identical masses on a regular polygon and a central mass. The symmetries of the problem are used in order to find the irreducible representations, the linearization, and with the help of the orthogonal degree theory, all the symmetries of the bifurcating branches.

Review text

The authors investigate the motion of \(n\) identical masses around a central star. After introducing the group-theoretic concepts, which are needed for the description and exploitation of the symmetric structure, they first study the relative equilibria of the configuration in a plane. These relative equilibria are regular polygons, which rotate around the central body with constant angular velocity. Secondly, they study the bifurcation of periodic solutions from these configurations. For planar periodic solutions the \(n\) masses can either move as they are in a ring configuration, or two polygons of \(n/2\) bodies pulsing each one as a whole. Similarly, there are also two types of spatial motions, one of these is characterized by the simultaneous motion of the bodies and a contrary movement of the central bodies. The other one gives the so-called hip-hop orbits. Since the equations of motion are quite involved and admit a large amount of symmetry, usual normal form calculations would be hardly manageable; therefore the authors use the orthogonal degree theory to calculate the bifurcation points and characterize the bifurcating periodic solutions.

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Cited in

(19)

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• From the Lagrange polygon to the figure eight. I: Numerical evidence extending a conjecture of Marchal
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• On the vertical librations of the uniform ring problem with one dominant normal ellipsoid
• Bifurcations of critical orbits of invariant potentials with applications to bifurcations of central configurations of the \(N\)-body problem

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