Exceptional collections of line bundles on projective homogeneous varieties
Earlier work of Kapranov suggested that the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves \(D^b(X)\) of any projective homogeneous variety \(X\) of a split semisimple linear algebraic group \(G\) over a field of characteristic zero, admits a full exceptional collection of vector bundles. In this paper the authors answer certain variants of this question regarding the existence of exceptional collections of line bundles when \(G\) is of rank 2. By restricting their attention to line bundles, the authors are able to use the combinatorics of the weight lattice to prove existence and non-existence results. The paper has two main results. The first result concerns the full flag variety \(X\) of a split semisimple linear algebraic group \(G\) of rank 2 over a field of characteristic zero. The authors use a combinatorial algorithm to explicitly construct \(\mathcal P\)-exceptional collections of line bundles of the expected length for \(D^b(X)\), where \(\mathcal P\) is a partial order isomorphic to the left weak Bruhat order on the Weyl group of \(G\). The second part of the paper answers the question: does there exist an exceptional collection of line bundles on each projective homogeneous variety \(X\) for every split semisimple group \(G\) of rank \(\leq 2\) over an arbitrary field? The most difficult cases are the three non-trivial projective homogeneous varieties for simple algebraic groups of type \(G_2\), for which the authors show that there are no exceptional collections of line bundles of the expected length.
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