Essential norm of Toeplitz operators and Hankel operators on the weighted Bergman space

Abstract: In this paper, we show that on the weighted Bergman space of the unit disk the essential norm of a noncompact Hankel operator equals its distance to the set of compact Hankel operators and is realized by infinitely many compact Hankel operators, which is analogous to the theorem of Axler, Berg, Jewell and Shields on the Hardy space in Axler et al. (1979); moreover, the distance is realized by infinitely many compact Hankel operators with symbols continuous on the closure of the unit disk and vanishing on the unit circle.

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Let \(A_\alpha^2(D)\) be the weighted Bergman space on the unit disk \(D\) and \(C_\partial(\overline{D})\) be the set of continuous functions on \(\overline{D}\) and vanishing on the unit circle \(\partial D\). Denote by \(\|T\|_e\) the distance of an operator \(T\) to the ideal of compact operators. Inspired by the results of \textit{S. Axler} et al. [Ann. Math. (2) 109, 601--612 (1979; Zbl 0399.47024)], the author proves the following three results. Theorem 1. Let \(f\in L^\infty(D)\) and \(H_f\) be the associated Hankel operator on \(A_2^\alpha(D)\). If \(H_f\) is noncompact, then there exist infinitely many distinct compact Hankel operators \(H_\varphi\) with symbol \(\varphi\in C_\partial(\overline{D})\) such that \(\|H_f-H_\varphi\|=\|H_f\|_e\). Theorem 2. Let \(f\in L^\infty(D)\) and \(T_f\) be the associated Toeplitz operator on \(A_2^\alpha(D)\). If \(T_f\) is noncompact, then there exist infinitely many distinct compact Toeplitz operators \(T_\varphi\) with symbol \(\varphi\in C_\partial(\overline{D})\) such that \(\|T_f-T_\varphi\|=\|T_f\|_e\). Theorem 3. Let \(f\in L^\infty(D)\) be harmonic and \(H_f\) be the associated Hankel operator on \(A_2^\alpha(D)\). If \(H_f\) is noncompact, then there exist infinitely many distinct harmonic functions \(\varphi\) on the unit disk and continuous on the closure of the unit disk such that \(\|H_f-H_\varphi\|=\|H_f\|_e\).

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