Spontaneous symmetry breaking, self-trapping, and Josephson oscillations

DOI10.1007/978-3-642-21207-9MaRDI QIDQ1955812zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors

Publication date 18 June 2013

Published in Progress in Optical Science and Photonics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.0560

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Physics (00A79) Collections of articles of miscellaneous specific interest (00B15) Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to optics and electromagnetic theory (78-06) Ion traps (78A37) Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to quantum theory (81-06) Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Quantum optics (81V80) Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to statistical mechanics (82-06) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26) Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50) Statistical mechanics of superconductors (82D55)

Abstract: In recent years, bright soliton-like structures composed of gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates have been generated at ultracold temperature. The experimental capacity to precisely engineer the nonlinearity and potential landscape experienced by these solitary waves offers an attractive platform for fundamental study of solitonic structures. The presence of three spatial dimensions and trapping implies that these are strictly distinct objects to the true soliton solutions. Working within the zero-temperature mean-field description, we explore the solutions and stability of bright solitary waves, as well as their interactions. Emphasis is placed on elucidating their similarities and differences to the true bright soliton. The rich behaviour introduced in the bright solitary waves includes the collapse instability and symmetry-breaking collisions. We review the experimental formation and observation of bright solitary matter waves to date, and compare to theoretical predictions. Finally we discuss the current state-of-the-art of this area, including beyond-mean-field descriptions, exotic bright solitary waves, and proposals to exploit bright solitary waves in interferometry and as surface probes.

Cited in

(17)

• Adaptive sampling and modal expansions in pattern-forming systems
• Symmetry breaking of spatial Kerr solitons in fractional dimension
• Symmetry breaking in a two-component system with repulsive interactions and linear coupling
• Symmetry breaking and restoration of symmetric solitons in partially parity-time-symmetric potentials
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking and Higgs mode: comparing Gross-Pitaevskii and nonlinear Klein-Gordon equations
• \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric and antisymmetric nonlinear states in a split potential box
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking in purely nonlinear fractional systems
• Double Loops and Pitchfork Symmetry Breaking Bifurcations of Optical Solitons in Nonlinear Fractional Schrödinger Equation with Competing Cubic‐Quintic Nonlinearities
• Two-dimensional fractional \(\mathcal{PPT}\)-symmetric cubic-quintic NLS equation: double-loop symmetry breaking bifurcations, ghost states and dynamics
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking, stability and adiabatic changes of 2D quantum droplets in amended Gross-Pitaevskii equation with multi-well potential
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking and ghost states supported by the fractional \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric saturable nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• Fundamental breathers and their physical spectra in vector fields with self-steepening
• Spontaneous symmetry-breaking in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on star graphs with inhomogeneities
• Spontaneous symmetry breaking in continuous waves, dark solitons, and vortices in linearly coupled bimodal systems
• Spontaneous symmetry and antisymmetry breaking in a ring with two potential barriers
• Symmetry restoration in collisions of solitons in fractional couplers
• Collisions and fusion of one- and two-dimensional solitons driven by potential troughs in the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equations

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