Topological groups all continuous automorphisms of which are open

Automorphisms, homomorphisms, endomorphisms, etc. for abelian groups (20K30) Structure of general topological groups (22A05) General properties and structure of LCA groups (22B05) General properties and structure of locally compact groups (22D05) Open mapping and closed graph theorems; completeness (including (B)-, (B_r)-completeness) (46A30) Several topologies on one set (change of topology, comparison of topologies, lattices of topologies) (54A10) Local compactness, (sigma)-compactness (54D45) Topological groups (topological aspects) (54H11)

Abstract: A topological space is reversible if each continuous bijection of it onto itself is open. We introduce an analogue of this notion in the category of topological groups: A topological group G is g-reversible if every continuous automorphism of G (=continuous isomorphism of G onto itself) is open. The class of g-reversible groups contains Polish groups, locally compact sigma-compact groups, minimal groups, abelian groups with the Bohr topology, and reversible topological groups. We prove that subgroups of R^n are g-reversible, for every positive integer n. An example of a compact (so reversible) metric abelian group having a countable dense non-g-reversible subgroup is given. We also highlight the differences between reversible spaces and g-reversible topological groups. Many open problems are scattered throughout the paper.

Review text

All topological groups in the paper under this review are Hausdorff. The notion of reversible topological space was introduced by \textit{M. Rajagopalan} and \textit{A. Wilansky} [J. Aust. Math. Soc. 6, 129--138 (1966; Zbl 0151.29602)]. A topological space \(X\) is called reversible if each continuous bijection of \(X\) onto itself is open (or equivalently, a homeomorphism). The authors introduce an analogue notion for topological groups (some sort of an ``open mapping property). A topological group \(G\) is called \(g\)-reversible if each continuous automorphism of \(G\) is open. They prove that each reversible topological group is \(g\)-reversible and many classical groups (Polish groups, \(\sigma\)-compact locally compact groups, minimal groups, abelian groups with the Bohr topology, connected locally compact groups) are \(g\)-reversible. Every subgroup of \(\mathbb{R}^n\) (\(n\in \mathbb{N}\)) is \(g\)-reversible. The authors give numerous examples of non-g-reversible groups. Many open problems are contained throughout the paper (for example: ``describe \(g\)-reversible locally compact (abelian) groups; ``must a closed subgroup of a \(g\)-reversible abelian group \(G\) be \(g\)-reversible ?; ``must every closed subgroup of a \(g\)-reversible locally compact abelian group \(G\) be \(g\)-reversible? etc). The authors introduce and to research the notion of hereditarily \(g\)-reversible. A topological group \(G\) is called hereditarily \(g\)-reversible if every subgroup of \(G\) is \(g\)-reversible (in the subspace topology). Some properties of \(g\)-reversibility of topological products are explored.

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