A new approach to twisted K-theory of compact Lie groups

Twisted (K)-theory; differential (K)-theory (19L50) Spectral sequences and homology of fiber spaces in algebraic topology (55R20) Adams spectral sequences (55T15) Homology and cohomology of Lie groups (57T10) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30)

Abstract: This paper explores further the computation of the twisted K-theory and K-homology of compact simple Lie groups, previously studied by Hopkins, Moore, Maldacena-Moore-Seiberg, Braun, and Douglas, with a focus on groups of rank 2. We give a new method of computation based on the Segal spectral sequence which seems to us appreciably simpler than the methods used previously, at least in many key cases. The exposition has been clarified and one mistake in the previous version has been fixed. Also the references have been updated.

Review text

The compact connected Lie groups provide a wide class of well studed objects from the point of view of cohomology theories, but not yet of \(K\)-theories and is a starting point for many theories like homotopy, \(C^\ast\)-algebras, \(K\)-homologies, etc. The twisted \(K\)-theory of compact Lie groups is known in many cases, but not yet all. The paper is devoted to computation problem of twisted \(K\)-theories of compact Lie groups., The author makes a survey of known results and also proposed some new computation by using the Segal spectral sequences. Let \(\mathcal H\) be an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space, \(\mathbb T \) be a maximal torus in the unitary group \(U(\mathcal H)\). Given a compact topological space \(X\), the principal bundle \(P: PU(\mathcal H) = U(\mathcal H)/\mathbb T \cong \mathbb {CP}^\infty \hookrightarrow E \twoheadrightarrow X\) over \(X\) classified the twisted \(K\)-theories \(K^*(X,h)\) and \(K_*(X,h)\) by the elements \(h\in H^3(X,\mathbb Z)\). Let \(G\) be a connected simple compact Lie group. The 3rd cohomology group \(H^3(G,\mathbb Z) \cong \mathbb Z\) is used as the group of twists. The following results are previously known: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] For simple connected and simply connected compact Lie group \(G\) of rank \(\mathrm{rank}\; G = n\), the twisted \(K\)-homology \(K_\bullet(X,h)\) is a product of an algebra over \(\mathbb Z\) on \(n-1\) odd-degree generators with a finite cyclic group of order \(c(G,h)\) a divisor of \(h>0\) (Theorem 1). \item[2.] In all the cases of simple connected simply connecte compact Lie group of type \(A_n\), \(B_n\), \dots \(E_8\) the order \(c(G,h) =h/\mathrm{gcd}(h,y(G))\) of the torsion of \(K_\bullet(X,h)\) and \(K^\bullet(X,h)\) and \(y(G)\) are conjecturally computed (Theorem 2). \item[3.] There exists a homological Segal spectral sequence \(H_p(B,K_q(F,\imath^*h)) \Longrightarrow K_\bullet(E,h)\) associated to any fiber bundle of CW complexes \( F \xrightarrow{\imath} B \xrightarrow{pr} B \) and a twist \(h\in H^3(G,\mathbb Z)\) (Theorem 3). \end{itemize} The author used this Segal spectral sequences to provide a new method for computing (co)homological twisted \(K\)-theories of rank 2 connected and simply connected compact simple Lie groups. The new results are: \begin{itemize} \item[1.] For the bundle \(F \subset E \twoheadrightarrow B\), the Hurewicz map \(\pi_r(F) \to H_r(B,K_0(F,\imath^*h))\), the high differentials \(d^2,d^3,\dots,d^{r-1}\) leave the 2nd term \(E^2_{r,0}=H_r(B,K_0(F,\imath^*h))\) unchanged (Theroem 6) \item[2.] The Hurewicz map \(\pi_4(\mathbb S^3) \to K_4(\mathbb S^3,h) \cong \mathbb Z/h\), \(h\ne 0\), is nonzero if and only if \(h\in \mathbb Z\) is even (Theorem 9). \item[3.] The Hurewicz maps \(\pi_j(\mathbb S^3) \cong \pi_j(P_h) \to ku_j(P_h)\) are injective on several cases (Theorem 16). \item[4.] For an odd or \(2 \mod 4\) twist \(h\) the odd torsion of the \(K\)-homology \(K_\bullet(PSp(2),h)\) of the projective symplectic group \(PSp(2)\) and twist \(h\) is a cyclic group of order \(h_{odd}/gcd(h,3)\), and is \((\mathbb Z/2)^4\) is \(h\) is \(2 \mod 4\) (Theorem 17). \end{itemize} The paper is technical but gives a good survey of the problem.

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