Well-posed final value problems and Duhamel's formula for coercive Lax-Milgram operators

DOI10.3934/ERA.2019008MaRDI QIDQ1987526zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors J. Johnsen

Publication date 15 April 2020

Published in Electronic Research Archive (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.03117

zbMATH Keywords

coercive operatorDuhamel formulafinal value dataNeumann heat problemwell-posed

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dependence of solutions to PDEs on initial and/or boundary data and/or on parameters of PDEs (35B30) Abstract parabolic equations (35K90) Ill-posed problems for PDEs (35R25) One-parameter semigroups and linear evolution equations (47D06)

Abstract: This paper treats parabolic final value problems generated by coercive Lax--Milgram operators, and well-posedness is proved for this large class. The result is obtained by means of an isomorphism between Hilbert spaces containing the data and solutions. Like for elliptic generators, the data space is the graph normed domain of an unbounded operator that maps final states to the corresponding initial states, and the resulting compatibility condition extends to the coercive context. Lax--Milgram operators in vector distribution spaces is the main framework, but the crucial tool that analytic semigroups always are invertible in the class of closed operators is extended to unbounded semigroups, and this is shown to yield a Duhamel formula for the Cauchy problems in the set-up. The final value heat conduction problem with the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition on a smooth open set is also proved to be well posed in the sense of Hadamard.

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