Estimates on the number of F_q-rational solutions of variants of diagonal equations over finite fields

DOI10.1016/J.FFA.2020.101728MaRDI QIDQ1994944zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Mariana Pérez, Melina Privitelli

Publication date 18 February 2021

Published in Finite Fields and their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05639

diagonal equations finite fields rational solutions singular locus symmetric polynomials

Symmetric functions and generalizations (05E05) Varieties over finite and local fields (11G25) Polynomials over finite fields (11T06) Rational points (14G05) Finite ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G15)

Abstract: In this paper we study the set of rational solutions of equations defined by power sums symmetric polynomials with coefficients in a finite field. We do this by means of applying a methodology which relies on the study of the geometry of the set of common zeros of symmetric polynomials over the algebraic closure of a finite field. We provide improved estimates and existence results of rational solutions to the following equations: deformed diagonal equations, generalized Markoff Hurwitz type equations and Carlitz's equations. We extend these techniques to a more general variants of diagonal equations over finite fields.

Review text

In this paper the authors develop methodology for estimating the number of \(\mathbb{F}_q\)-rational solutions of equations of the type \[f(P_{m_1},P_{m_2},\ldots,P_{m_d})+X_1^e+\cdots+X_n^e+g_1=0,\] where \(P_{m_i}\) are power-sum polynomials in \(\mathbb{F}_q[X_1,\ldots,X_n]\), \(g_1\in \mathbb{F}_q[X_1,\ldots,X_n]\) with \(\deg g_1<e.\) The methodology relies on the study of the geometry of the set of common zeros of symmetric polynomials over the algebraic closure of \(\mathbb{F}_q\). In the last section the authors apply their methodology to obtain estimates and existence results for deformed diagonal equations: \[c_1X_1^m+\ldots+c_nX_n^m=g,\quad c_i\in \mathbb{F}_q, c_i\neq 0, \deg g<m,\] generalized Markoff-Hurwitz-type equations: \[(a_1X_1^{m_1}+\cdots+a_nX_n^{m_n})^k=bX_1^{k_1}\ldots X_n^{k_k}, \quad a_i\in \mathbb{F}_q\setminus \{0\},\] and Carlitz's equations: \[h_1(X_1)+\ldots+h_n(X_n)=g,\quad g\in \mathbb{F}_q[X_1,\ldots,X_n], \deg h_i =d, \deg g<d.\] The obtained estimates are of the form \(q^{n-1}+\mathcal{O}(q^{n/2}).\)

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