Invariant surfaces with coordinate finite-type Gauss map in simply isotropic space
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Publication:1995740
Abstract: We consider the extrinsic geometry of surfaces in simply isotropic space, a three-dimensional space equipped with a rank 2 metric of index zero. Since the metric is degenerate, a surface normal cannot be unequivocally defined based on metric properties only. To understand the contrast between distinct choices of an isotropic Gauss map, here we study surfaces with a Gauss map whose coordinates are eigenfunctions of the surface Laplace-Beltrami operator. We take into account two choices, the so-called minimal and parabolic normals, and show that when applied to simply isotropic invariant surfaces the condition that the coordinates of the corresponding Gauss map are eigenfunctions leads to planes, certain cylinders, or surfaces with constant isotropic mean curvature. Finally, we also investigate (non-necessarily invariant) surfaces with harmonic Gauss map and show this characterizes constant mean curvature surfaces.
A surface is said to have coordinate finite-type Gauss map if $\Delta G=-AG$, where $G$ is the Gauss map of the surface and $A=\operatorname{diag}(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\lambda_3)$ is a diagonal matrix. A surface in the simply isotropic space $\mathbb{I}^3$ is said to be invariant if there exists a 1-parameter subgroup that leaves it invariant. The aim of this paper is to characterize the invariant surfaces with coordinate finite-type Gauss map in $\mathbb{I}^3$. The authors consider two different normal Gauss maps: The first one, $\mathbf{N}_m$, is called the minimal normal, since the trace of $d\mathbf{N}_m$ vanishes identically, while the second one, $G$, is called the parabolic normal, since it takes values on a unit sphere of parabolic type. In both cases, the authors obtain explicit formulas for the invariant coordinate finite-type Gauss map surfaces. Surfaces with harmonic normals, minimal or parabolic, without the invariant assumption, are also studied in the paper.
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Cited in
(8)- The geometry of Gauss map and shape operator in simply isotropic and pseudo-isotropic spaces
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