On the hyperbolic distance of n-times punctured spheres

DOI10.1007/S11854-020-0112-9MaRDI QIDQ1996483zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Toshiyuki Sugawa, Tanran Zhang, M. Vuorinen

Publication date 5 March 2021

Published in Journal d'Analyse Mathématique (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.05773

zbMATH Keywords

closed geodesiccross ratiodistance functionhyperbolic surfaceLipschitz equivalentmodified quasihyperbolic metricsystole

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22)

Abstract: The length of the shortest closed geodesic in a hyperbolic surface $X$ is called the systole of $X.$ When $X$ is an $n$-times punctured sphere $hatmathbbCsetminusA$ where $AsubsethatmathbbC$ is a finite set of cardinality $nge4,$ we define a quantity $Q(A)$ in terms of cross ratios of quadruples in $A$ so that $Q(A)$ is quantitatively comparable with the systole of $X.$ We next propose a method to construct a distance function $d_X$ on a punctured sphere $X$ which is Lipschitz equivalent to the hyperbolic distance $h_X$ on $X.$ In particular, when the construction is based on a modified quasihyperbolic metric, $d_X$ is Lipschitz equivalent to $h_X$ with Lipschitz constant depending only on $Q(A).$

Review text

The authors puncture the Riemann sphere at finitely many (and no less than three) points. They endow the punctured sphere with the complete hyperbolic metric in its conformal class. The age old problem with the hyperbolic metric is the difficulty in computing it explicitly. One part of this problem is to estimate effectively the systole (length of shortest geodesic) in that metric. The authors discover an estimate for the systole, given by an explicit expression in the logarithms of absolute cross ratios of the puncture locations, which they prove is comparable to the systole, with explicit constants. Their proof only uses the well-known collar lemma and a theorem from the book of Avkhadiev and Wirths. They then construct a metric, somewhat simpler than the hyperbolic metric to estimate, apparently, which they prove is Lipschitz equivalent to the hyperbolic metric, with a Lipschitz constant depending only on their estimate for the systole.

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Cited in

(11)

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• An inequality for the distances between finitely many points on a hypersphere
• Elementary intersection numbers on punctured spheres
• Estimation of the hyperbolic metric by using the punctured plane
• Pseudoholomorphic punctured spheres in R(S^1 S^2): properties and existence
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• Estimates of the hyperbolic metric on the twice punctured plane
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• Estimates for the hyperbolic metric of the punctured plane and applications
• Hyperbolic punctured spheres without arithmetic systole maximizers
• Twice-punctured hyperbolic sphere with a conical singularity and generalized elliptic integral

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