Embedding the Heisenberg group into a bounded-dimensional Euclidean space with optimal distortion

DOI10.4171/RMI/1200zbMATH Open1461.30134arXiv1811.09223OpenAlexW3040239026WikidataQ114021386 ScholiaQ114021386MaRDI QIDQ1998705FDOQ1998705

Terence Tao

Publication date: 7 March 2021

Published in: Revista Matemática Iberoamericana (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $$ denote the Heisenberg group with the usual Carnot-Carath'eodory metric $d$. It is known (since the work of Pansu and Semmes) that the metric space $(H,d)$ cannot be embedded in a bilipchitz fashion into a Hilbert space; however, from a general theorem of Assouad, for any $0<varepsilon<1$, the snowflaked metric space $(H,d^{1-varepsilon})$ embeds into an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space with distortion $O(varepsilo{n}^{-1/2})$. This distortion bound was shown by Austin, Naor, and Tessera to be sharp for the Heisenberg group $H$. Assouad's argument allows $el{l}^2$ to be replaced by ${mathbfR}^{D(varepsilon)}$ for some dimension $D(varepsilon)$ dependent on $varepsilon$. Naor and Neiman showed that $D$ could be taken independent of $varepsilon$, at the cost of worsening the bound on the distortion to $O(varepsilo{n}^{-1+c_D})$, where $c_{D}o0$ as $Doinfty$. In this paper we show that one can in fact retain the optimal distortion bound $O(varepsilo{n}^{-1/2})$ and still embed into a bounded dimensional space ${mathbfR}^D$, answering a question of Naor and Neiman. As a corollary, the discrete ball of radius $Rgeq2$ in $$ can be embedded into a bounded-dimensional space ${mathbfR}^D$ with the optimal distortion bound of $O(lo{g}^{1/2}R)$. The construction is iterative, and is inspired by the Nash-Moser iteration scheme as used in the isometric embedding problem; this scheme is needed in order to counteract a certain ``loss of derivatives problem in the iteration.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.09223

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zbMATH Keywords

Heisenberg groupdistortionNash-Moser iteration

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geometric embeddings of metric spaces (30L05)

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Cited In (4)

• Dimension distortion by right coset projections in the Heisenberg group
• Isometric embeddings into Heisenberg groups
• Sharp quantitative nonembeddability of the Heisenberg group into superreflexive Banach spaces
• Embedding snowflakes of Carnot groups into bounded dimensional Euclidean spaces with optimal distortion

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