Species substitution, graph suspension, and graded Hopf algebras of painted tree polytopes

DOI10.2140/AGT.2019.19.1019zbMATH Open1420.18022arXiv1608.08546OpenAlexW2995087425WikidataQ128199047 ScholiaQ128199047MaRDI QIDQ2000789FDOQ2000789

Lisa Berry, Patrick Showers, María O. Ronco, Stefan Forcey

Publication date: 28 June 2019

Published in: Algebraic \& Geometric Topology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Combinatorial Hopf algebras of trees exemplify the connections between operads and bialgebras. Painted trees were introduced recently as examples of how graded Hopf operads can bequeath Hopf structures upon compositions of coalgebras. We put these trees in context by exhibiting them as the minimal elements of face posets of certain convex polytopes. The full face posets themselves often possess the structure of graded Hopf algebras (with one-sided unit). We can enumerate faces using the fact that they are structure types of substitutions of combinatorial species. Species considered here include ordered and unordered binary trees and ordered lists (labeled corollas). Some of the polytopes that constitute our main results are well known in other contexts. First we see the classical permutohedra, and then certain generalized permutohedra: specifically the graph associahedra of suspensions of certain simple graphs. As an aside we show that the stellohedra also appear as liftings of generalized permutohedra: graph composihedra for complete graphs. Thus our results give examples of Hopf algebras of tubings and marked tubings of graphs. We also show an alternative associative algebra structure on the graph tubings of star graphs.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.08546

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zbMATH Keywords

Hopf algebraoperadspeciesbinary treeassociahedronmultiplihedroncofree coalgebracomposihedron

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(n)-dimensional polytopes (52B11) Connections of Hopf algebras with combinatorics (16T30)

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Cited In (3)

• Cocommutative Hopf algebras of permutations and trees.
• Algebraic structures on graph associahedra
• Incidence categories

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