Convex hull realizations of the multiplihedra

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2008.07.010MaRDI QIDQ2378299zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Stefan Forcey

Publication date 7 January 2009

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0706.3226

zbMATH Keywords

\(A\)-infinity maps\(n\)-category morphismsgeometric combinatoricshomotopymultiplihedron

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Loop space machines and operads in algebraic topology (55P48) Homotopy theory (55P99)

Abstract: We present a simple algorithm for determining the extremal points in Euclidean space whose convex hull is the nth polytope in the sequence known as the multiplihedra. This answers the open question of whether the multiplihedra could be realized as convex polytopes. We use this realization to unite the approach to A_n-maps of Iwase and Mimura to that of Boardman and Vogt. We include a review of the appearance of the nth multiplihedron for various n in the studies of higher homotopy commutativity, (weak) n-categories, A_infinity-categories, deformation theory, and moduli spaces. We also include suggestions for the use of our realizations in some of these areas as well as in related studies, including enriched category theory and the graph associahedra.

Review text

The multiplihedra \(\mathcal J(n)\) were introduced by Iwase and Mimura in order to describe the structure of maps between \(A_\infty\) spaces preserving the \(A_\infty\) structures up to homotopy. They defined \(\mathcal J(n)\) as a subset of \(\mathbb R^n\) and then studied combinatorial facts of them as \(CW\)-complexes. In the paper under review, the author takes another approach, a recursive definition, by using painted trees. The author also gives a simple algorithm for determining the extremal points in \(\mathbb R^n\) whose convex hull is \(\mathcal J(n)\). The idea of this algorithm was given by Loday to realize the \(n\)th associahedron as a subset in \(\mathbb R^{n-1}\). The author uses this realization to unite the approach to \(A_n\)-maps of Iwase and Mimura with that of Boardman and Vogt. A good review of the appearance of multiplihedra in the study of higher homotopy commutativity, \(n\)-categories, \(A_\infty\)-categories, deformation theory and moduli spaces is included.

Recommendations

• Quotients of the multiplihedron as categorified associahedra
• Geometric realizations of the multiplihedra
• Realizing the associahedron: mysteries and questions
• Diagonals on the permutahedra, multiplihedra and associahedra
• Marked tubes and the graph multiplihedron

Cites work

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Cited in

(27)

• Marked tubes and the graph multiplihedron
• Cofree compositions of coalgebras
• Species substitution, graph suspension, and graded Hopf algebras of painted tree polytopes
• Higher associativity of Moore spectra
• The diagonal of the operahedra
• The diagonal of the associahedra
• Delooping totalization of a multiplicative operad
• Bipermutahedron and biassociahedron
• Vertex maps between \(\triangle \), \(\square\), and \(\diamond\)
• The diagonal of the multiplihedra and the tensor product of \(\mathrm{A}_\infty\)-morphisms
• \(A_\infty\)-actions and recognition of relative loop spaces
• Hopf structures on the multiplihedra.
• Geometric realizations of the multiplihedra
• Lifted generalized permutahedra and composition polynomials
• How I `met' Dov Tamari
• Extending the Tamari lattice to some compositions of species
• L-infinity and A-infinity structures: then and now
• Celebrating Loday's associahedron
• Interval hypergraphic lattices
• Higher algebra of A_ and BAs-algebras in Morse theory. I
• Equivalence between four models of associahedra
• Hochschild polytopes
• Shuffles of deformed permutahedra, multiplihedra, constrainahedra, and biassociahedra
• Hochschild polytopes
• Pebble trees
• From linear programming to colliding particles
• Quotients of the multiplihedron as categorified associahedra

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Uses Software

• polymake

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