Continuity of capacity of a holomorphic motion

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2020.107376MaRDI QIDQ2006080zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thomas J. Ransford, Malik Younsi, Wen-hui Ai

Publication date 8 October 2020

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05266

analytic capacity conformal welding holomorphic motion Julia set logarithmic capacity quasiconformal mapping

Quasiconformal mappings in the complex plane (30C62) Capacity and harmonic measure in the complex plane (30C85) Potentials and capacity, harmonic measure, extremal length and related notions in two dimensions (31A15) Holomorphic families of dynamical systems; holomorphic motions; semigroups of holomorphic maps (37F44)

Abstract: We study the behavior of various set-functions under holomorphic motions. We show that, under such deformations, logarithmic capacity varies continuously, while analytic capacity may not.

Review text

The authors show that, under holomorphic motions, the logarithmic capacity of compact plane sets is continuous, while analytic capacity may not. For the unit disk \(\mathbb D=\{z\in\mathbb C:|z|<1\}\) and a subset \(A\) of the Riemann sphere \(\hat{\mathbb C}\), a holomorphic motion of \(A\) is a map \(h:\mathbb D\times A\to\hat{\mathbb C}\) such that for each fixed \(z\in A\), the map \(\lambda\mapsto h(z,\lambda)\) is holomorphic on \(\mathbb D\), for each \(\lambda\in\mathbb D\), the map \(z\mapsto h(z,\lambda)\) is injective on \(A\), and \(h(0,z)=z\) for all \(z\in A\). Given a holomorphic motion \(h\) and a subset \(E\subset A\), denote \(h_{\lambda}(z):=h(\lambda,z)\) and \(E_{\lambda}:=h_{\lambda}(E)\). So \(E_0=E\). The logarithmic capacity \(c(E)\) of a compact set \(E\subset\mathbb C\) is defined by \(c(E):=\exp(-\inf_{\mu}I(\mu))\), where the infimum is taken over all Borel probability measures \(\mu\) supported on \(E\) and \[I(\mu):=\iint\log|z-w|d\mu(z)d\mu(w)\] is the logarithmic energy of \(\mu\). The first main result is given in the following theorem. Theorem 1.3. Let \(E\subset\mathbb C\) be compact and let \(h:\mathbb D\times\hat{\mathbb C}\to\hat{\mathbb C}\) be a holomorphic motion of \(\hat{\mathbb C}\) with \(h_{\lambda}(\infty)=\infty\) for all \(\lambda\in\mathbb D\). Then the function \(\lambda\mapsto c(E_{\lambda})\), \(\lambda\in\mathbb D\), is continuous. The analytic capacity \(\gamma(K)\) of a compact set \(K\subset\mathbb C\) is defined by \(\gamma(K):=\sup_g|g'(\infty)|\), where the supremum is taken over all holomorphic functions \(g:\hat{\mathbb C}\setminus K\to\mathbb D\), and \(g'(\infty)=\lim_{z\to\infty}z(g(z)-g(\infty))\). The second main result is proved in the next theorem. Theorem 1.4. There exist a compact set \(E\subset\mathbb C\) and a holomorphic motion \(h:\mathbb D\times\hat{\mathbb C}\to\hat{\mathbb C}\) such that \(h_{\lambda}(\infty)=\infty\) for all \(\lambda\in\mathbb D\), but the function \(\lambda\mapsto\gamma(E_{\lambda})\), \(\lambda\in\mathbb D\), is not continuous.

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