Casimir elements associated with Levi subalgebras of simple Lie algebras and their applications

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2020.107390zbMATH Open1475.17020arXiv1912.00341OpenAlexW3081686562MaRDI QIDQ2006096FDOQ2006096

Dmitri I. Panyushev

Publication date: 8 October 2020

Published in: Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Let $mathfrakg$ be a simple Lie algebra, $mathfrakh$ a Levi subalgebra, and $C_{mathfrakh}inU(mathfrakh)$ the Casimir element defined via the restriction of the Killing form on $mathfrakg$ to $mathfrakh$. We study $C_{mathfrakh}$-eigenvalues in $mathfrakg/mathfrakh$ and related $mathfrakh$-modules. Without loss of generality, one may assume that $mathfrakh$ is a maximal Levi. Then $mathfrakg$ is equipped with the natural $mathbbZ$-grading $$ such that $mathfrakg(0)=mathfrakh$ and $mathfrakg(i)$ is a simple $mathfrakh$-module for $ie0$. We give explicit formulae for the $C_{m}athfrakh$-eigenvalues in each $mathfrakg(i)$, $ie0$, and relate eigenvalues of $C_{m}athfrakh$ in $$ to the dimensions of abelian subspaces of $mathfrakg(1)$. We also prove that if $mathfrakasubsetmathfrakg(1)$ is abelian, whereas $mathfrakg(1)$ is not, then $dimmathfrakaledimmathfrakg(1)/2$. Moreover, if $dimmathfraka=(dimmathfrakg(1))/2$, then $mathfraka$ has an abelian complement. The $mathbbZ$-gradings of height $le2$ are closely related to involutions of $mathfrakg$, and we provide a connection of our theory to (an extension of) the "strange formula" of Freudenthal-de Vries.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.00341

zbMATH Keywords

root systemisotropy representation\(\mathbb{Z}\)-gradingabelian subspace

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Exterior algebra, Grassmann algebras (15A75) Simple, semisimple, reductive (super)algebras (17B20) Root systems (17B22)

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Cited In (4)

• A CASIMIR ELEMENT INEXPRESSIBLE AS A LIE POLYNOMIAL
• A remark on the Casimir elements of Lie superalgebras and quantized Lie superalgebras
• On Segal-Sugawara vectors and Casimir elements for classical Lie algebras
• ISOTROPY REPRESENTATIONS, EIGENVALUES OF A CASIMIR ELEMENT, AND COMMUTATIVE LIE SUBALGEBRAS

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