Can quantum particles cross a horizon?

DOI10.1007/S10773-019-04242-0MaRDI QIDQ2010998zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Merab Gogberashvili

Publication date 28 November 2019

Published in International Journal of Theoretical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.02637

zbMATH Keywords

black holesfields in curved spacetimegeodesic equationKerr event horizonsKlein-Gordon equationsingularities

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Physics (00A79) Global differential geometry of Lorentz manifolds, manifolds with indefinite metrics (53C50) Applications of global differential geometry to the sciences (53C80) General and philosophical questions in quantum theory (81P05) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Equations of motion in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C10) Exact solutions to problems in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C15) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Black holes (83C57) Space-time singularities, cosmic censorship, etc. (83C75)

Abstract: The prevalent opinion that infalling objects can freely cross a black hole horizon is based on the assumptions that the horizon region is governed by classical General Relativity and by specific singular coordinate transformations it is possible to remove divergences in the geodesic equations. However, the coordinate transformations usually used to demonstrate the geodesic completeness are of class $C^0$, while the standard causality theory requires that the metric tensor to be at least $C^1$. Introduction of $C^0$-class functions leads to the appearance of the additional delta-like sources in the Einstein equations and in the equations for quantum particles. Therefore, to explore the horizon region, in addition to the classical geodesic equations, one needs to use equation of quantum particles. Applying physical boundary conditions at the Schwarzschild and Kerr event horizons, we show existence of the exponentially decay/enhanced solutions (with the complex phases) to the Klein-Gordon equation. This means that in semi-classical approximation particles probably do not enter the black hole horizon, but are absorbed/reflected by it. Then it follows that the minimal classical size of any isolated body is its horizon radius, what potentially can solve main black hole mysteries.

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Cited in

(7)

• Black holes: Interfacing the classical and the quantum
• How can a clairvoyant particle escape the exclusion process?
• Hawking radiation as quantum mechanical reflection
• Are borders inside or outside?
• Can matter really cross a horizon?
• The black hole event horizon as a limited two-way membrane
• Black hole information problem and wave bursts

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