On rearrangement theorems in Banach spaces

Convergence and divergence of series and sequences (40A05) Convergence and divergence of series and sequences of functions (40A30) Summability in abstract structures (40J05) Summability and bases; functional analytic aspects of frames in Banach and Hilbert spaces (46B15)

Review text

A well-known consequence of the famous Steinitz lemma says that, if a subsequence of partial sums of a series \(\sum x_n\) in \(\mathbb R^n\) converges to \(x\) and \(x_n \to 0\) as \(n \to \infty\), then, in some rearrangement of terms, the series converges to \(x\). The paper under review demonstrates that in every infinite-dimensional Banach space \(X\) this result fails drastically. Namely, it is shown that \(X\) contains a series \(\sum x_n\) with the following properties: (a) some subsequence of its partial sums converges in \(X\) and all its partial sums \(\sum_{k=1}^n x_k\) are uniformly bounded; (b) \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty\|x_k\|^p<\infty\) for every \(p\in(2,+\infty)\); (c) for any permutation \(\pi:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}\) and any sequence \((\theta_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\) with \(\theta_n\in\{-1,1\}\), \(n=1,2,\dots\), the series \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty\theta_kx_{\pi(k)}\) diverges in \(X\). Remark that in some spaces (for example, in \(L_2\)) the condition (b) cannot be substituted with \(\sum_{k=1}^\infty\|x_k\|^2<\infty\) [\textit{M. I. Kadets}, Usp. Mat. Nauk 9, No. 1(59), 107--109 (1954; Zbl 0055.29003)].

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