Integrability of generalized pluriharmonic maps

DOI10.1007/S00229-014-0714-6MaRDI QIDQ2017740zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 23 March 2015

Published in Manuscripta Mathematica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.03253

generalized pluriharmonic map harmonic map nearly Kähler structure twistor space

General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.) (53C15) Twistor methods in differential geometry (53C28) Differential geometric aspects of harmonic maps (53C43)

Abstract: In this paper we provide examples of maps from almost complex domains into pseudo-Riemannian symmetric targets, which are pluriharmonic and not integrable, i.e. do not admit an associated family. More precisely, for one class of examples the source has a non-integrable complex structure, like for instance a nearly Kaehler structure and the target is a Riemannian symmetric space and for the other class the source is a complex manifold and the target is a pseudo-Riemannian symmetric space. These examples show, that a former result on the existence of associated families is sharp.

Review text

The author studies generalized pluriharmonic maps \(\phi:M\to N\) where \((M,J)\) is an almost complex manifold and \((N,h)\) is a pseudo-Riemannian manifold. A complex connection \(D\) (i.e., \(DJ=0\)) on an almost complex manifold \((M,J)\) is called of Nijenhuis type if \(T^{1,1}=0\), where \(T\) is the torsion of \(D\). A map \(\phi:(M,J)\to (N,h)\) is called generalized pluriharmonic if it satisfies the equation \((\nabla d\phi)^{1,1}=0\) where \(\nabla\) is the connection on the bundle \(T^*M\otimes\phi^*TN\) induced by a Nijenhuis-type complex connection \(D\) on \((M,J)\) and the Levi-Civita connection \(\nabla^h\) of \((N,h)\). If \((M,g)\) and \((N,h)\) are pseudo-Riemannian manifolds then a smooth map \(\phi:M\to N\) is called harmonic if \(\mathrm{tr}_g\nabla d\phi=0\) where \(\nabla\) is the connection on \(T^*M\otimes\phi^*TN\) induced by the Levi-Civita connections \(\nabla^g,\nabla^h\). The author proves that if \((M,J,g)\) is nearly Kähler then a generalized pluriharmonic map \(\phi:(M,J)\to (N,h)\) is a harmonic map \(\phi:(M,g)\to (N,h)\). An associated family for \(\phi:(M,J)\to (N,h)\) is a family of maps \(\phi :M\to N,\in \mathbb R\) such that \(\Psi\circ d\phi=d\phi\circ R\) where \(R=\exp(J)\) and \(\Psi\) is some bundle isomorphism \(\Psi:\phi^*TN\to\phi^*TN\) which is parallel with respect to \(\nabla^h\), i.e., \(\Psi\circ \phi^*\nabla^h=\phi^*\circ\Psi\). Using the twistor theory the author proves that if \((N^{2n},h)\) is a Riemannian manifold and \(\mathcal Z\) is its twistor space then \(p:(\mathcal Z,J_2)\to N\) is pluriharmonic, where \(J_2\) is the standard almost complex structure on \(\mathcal Z\) and gives examples of generalized pluriharmonic maps from the twistor space \(\phi:(\mathcal Z(S^{2n}),J_2)\to S^{2n}\) and \(\phi:(\mathcal Z_r(\mathbb CP^{n}),J_2)\to \mathbb CP^{n}\) which do not admit an associated family. The author also proves that if \((\mathcal Z,g,J)\) is a twistor space of a positive quaternionic Kähler manifold \(N\) and \(J\) is a canonical nearly Kähler structure then the projection \(P:\mathcal Z\to N\) is a generalized pluriharmonic map which does not admit an associated family.

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