Maximum dimension of subspaces with no product basis

Abstract: Let

n g e 2

and

d_{1}, l d o t s, d_{n} g e 2

be integers, and

m a t h c a l F

be a field. A vector

u i n m a t h c a l F^{d_{1}} o t i m e s c d o t s o t i m e s m a t h c a l F^{d_{n}}

is called a product vector if

u = u^{[1]} o t i m e s c d o t s o t i m e s u^{[n]}

for some

u^{[1]} i n m a t h c a l F^{d_{1}}, l d o t s, u^{[n]} i n m a t h c a l F^{d_{n}}

. A basis composed of product vectors is called a product basis. In this paper, we show that the maximum dimension of subspaces of

m a t h c a l F^{d_{1}} o t i m e s c d o t s o t i m e s m a t h c a l F^{d_{n}}

with no product basis is equal to

d_{1} d_{2} c d o t s d_{n} - 2

if either (i)

n = 2

or (ii)

n g e 3

and

for some

n_{1}

and

n_{2}

. When

m a t h c a l F = m a t h b b C

, this result is related to the maximum number of simultaneously distinguishable states in general probabilistic theories (GPTs).

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