Schrödinger equation in moving domains

DOI10.1007/S00023-021-01020-9zbMATH Open1477.35203arXiv2006.02082OpenAlexW3127944032MaRDI QIDQ2035441FDOQ2035441

Publication date: 24 June 2021

Published in: Annales Henri Poincaré (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider the Schrodinger equation �egin{equation}label{eq_abstract} ipartial_t u(t)=-Delta u(t)~~~~~ ext{ on }Omega(t) ag{ $a s t$ } end{equation}where $O m e g a (t) s u b s e t m a t h b b R$ is a moving domain depending on the time $t i n [0, T]$ . The aim of this work is to provide a meaning to the solutions of such an equation. We use the existence of a bounded reference domain $O m e g a_{0}$ and a specific family of unitary maps $h^{s} h a r p (t) : L^{2} (O m e g a (t), m a t h b b C) l o n g r i g h t a r r o w L^{2} (O m e g a_{0}, m a t h b b C)$ . We show that the conjugation by $h^{s} h a r p$ provides a newequation of the form �egin{equation}label{eq_abstract2}ipartial_t v= h^sharp(t)H(t)h_sharp(t) v~~~~~ ext{ on }Omega_0 ag{ $a s t a s t$ } end{equation} where $h_{s} h a r p = (h^{s} h a r p)^{- 1}$ . The Hamiltonian $H (t)$ is a magnetic Laplacian operator of the formH(t)=-(div+iA)circ(grad+iA)-|A|^2where $A$ is an explicit magnetic potential depending on the deformation of the domain $O m e g a (t)$ . The formulation eqref{eq_abstract2} enables to ensure the existence of weak and strong solutions of the initial problem eqref{eq_abstract} on $O m e g a (t)$ endowed with Dirichlet boundary conditions. In addition, it also indicates that the correct Neumann type boundary conditions for eqref{eq_abstract} are not the homogeneous but the magnetic onespartial_

u u(t)+ilangle

u| A angle u(t)=0,

even though eqref{eq_abstract} has no magnetic term. All the previous results are also studied in presence of diffusion coefficients as well as magnetic and electric potentials. Finally, we prove some associated byproducts as an adiabatic result for slow deformations of the domain and atime-dependent version of the so-called ``Moser's trick. We use this outcome in order to simplify Equation eqref{eq_abstract2} and to guarantee the well-posedness for slightly less regular deformations of $O m e g a (t)$ .

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.02082

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zbMATH Keywords

well-posedness adiabatic result magnetic Laplacian operator Moser's trick PDEs on moving domains Schrödinger equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Strong solutions to PDEs (35D35) Existence problems for PDEs: global existence, local existence, non-existence (35A01) Uniqueness problems for PDEs: global uniqueness, local uniqueness, non-uniqueness (35A02) Attractors (35B41) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations (35Q41) Moving boundary problems for PDEs (35R37)

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