On the loci of morphisms from P^1 to G(r,n) with fixed splitting type of the restricted universal sub-bundle or quotient bundle

Parametrization (Chow and Hilbert schemes) (14C05) Special algebraic curves and curves of low genus (14H45) Vector bundles on curves and their moduli (14H60) Grassmannians, Schubert varieties, flag manifolds (14M15) Projective techniques in algebraic geometry (14N05)

Abstract: Let

n g e q 4

,

2 l e q r l e q n - 2

and

e g e q 1

. We show that the intersection of the locus of degree

e

morphisms from

m a t h b b P^{1}

to

G (r, n)

with the restricted universal sub-bundles having a given splitting type and the locus of degree

e

morphisms with the restricted universal quotient-bundle having a given splitting type is non-empty and generically transverse. As a consequence, we get that the locus of degree

e

morphisms from

m a t h b b P^{1}

to

G (r, n)

with the restricted tangent bundle having a given splitting type need not always be irreducible.

Review text

A well known theorem of Grothendieck says that every vector bundle \(\mathcal E\) on \(\mathbb P^1\) is a direct sum of line bundles, so one can consider it's splitting type, the tuple \((a_1, \dots, a_r)\) of integers in non-decreasing order for which \(\mathcal E \cong \bigoplus_{i=1}^r {\mathcal O}_{\mathbb P^1} (a_i)\), where \(r\) is the rank of \(\mathcal E\). There has been plenty of interest in the behavior of the splitting type in a family of rational curves, especially the tangent and normal bundles of embedded smooth rational curves. For example, \textit{J. L. Verdier} [Lect. Notes Phys. 180, 136--141 (1983; Zbl 0528.58008)] and \textit{L. Ramella} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 311, No. 3, 181--184 (1990; Zbl 0721.14014)] showed that the locus of nondegenerate rational curves in \(\mathbb P^n\) with given splitting type of the restricted tangent bundle is irreducible of the expected dimension. By contrast, \textit{I. Coskun} and \textit{E. Riedl} showed that the locus of rational normal curves of fixed degree in \(\mathbb P^n\) can be reducible for \(n \geq 5\) [Math. Z. 288, No. 3--4, 803--827 (2018; Zbl 1391.14067); Commun. Contemp. Math. 21, No. 2, Article ID 1850011, 29 p. (2019; Zbl 1436.14057)]. The author studies the space of morphisms \(f: \mathbb P^1 \to G(r,n)\), where \(G(r,n)\) is the Grassmann variety of \(r\)-dimensional subspaces of an \(n\)-dimensional vector space, which comes equipped with a universal exact sequence \(0 \to \mathcal S \to {\mathcal O}_{G(r,n)}^{\oplus n} \to \mathcal Q \to 0\). He shows that the locus \(M(b_\bullet)\) for which \(f^*\mathcal Q\) has splitting type \(b_\bullet\) is smooth of expected dimension and the same for the locus \(M^\prime (a_\bullet)\) for which \(f^*\mathcal S\) has splitting type \(a_\bullet\). For \(n \geq 4\) and \(2 \leq r \leq n-2\) he shows that the intersection of \(M (b_\bullet)\) and \(M^\prime (a_\bullet)\) is non-empty and generically transverse along at least one component of the intersection. Using the fact that the tangent bundle \(T_{G(r,n)}\) is isomorphic to \(\mathcal S^* \otimes \mathcal Q\), he deduces that the locus of morphisms \(f\) for which \(f^* T_{G(r,n)}\) has fixed splitting type has at least one irreducible component of expected dimension arising from the splitting types of \(f^*\mathcal S\) and \(f^*\mathcal Q\). Examples are given to show that this locus can be reducible.

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