On the maximal unramified pro-2-extension of certain cyclotomic Z₂-extensions
Let \({k}\) be a number field and let \({k}_{\infty}\) be the cyclotomic \({\mathbb{Z}}_2\)-extension of \({k}\). Let \(A({k}_n)\) be the \(2\)-Sylow subgroup of the ideal class group of the \(n\)-layer \({k}_n\) of \({k}_{\infty}/{k}\). Let \({\mathcal{L}}({k}_{\infty})\) denote the maximal unramified pro-extension of \({k}_{\infty}\) and \({\mathcal{L}}({k}_n)\) be the one with respect to \(n\)-th layer \({k}_n\). Let \(L({k}_{\infty})\) be the maximal abelian subextension of \({\mathcal{L}}({k}_{\infty})/{k}_{\infty}\). Set \({\mathcal{G}}={\text{Gal}} ({\mathcal{L}}({k}_{\infty})/{k}_{\infty})\). Then, the abelianization \({\mathcal{G}}^{\text{ab}}\) of \({\mathcal{G}}\) satisfies \({\mathcal{G}}^{\text{ab}}\cong {\text{Gal}}(L({k}_{\infty})/{k}_{\infty})\cong X({k}_{\infty})\), where \(X({k}_{\infty})\) is the Iwasawa module.\par The main result is the following. Assume that \({k}_{\infty} /{k}\) satisfies that \(\sqrt{2}\notin {k}\) and every prime of \({k}\) over \(2\) is ramified in \({k}(\sqrt{2})/{k}\); that \({\text{rank}}(A({k}))={\text{rank}}(A({k}(\sqrt{2})))=2\); and that the \(4\)-rank of the \(2\)-class group of \({k}_n\) is \(1\) for all \(n\). Let \({k}\) be an unramified quadratic extension of \({k}\) included in the three unramified biquadratic extensions of \({k}\) within the Hilbert \(2\)-class field of \({k}\). If \({\text{rank}}(A({k}))={\text{rank}}(A({k}(\sqrt{2})))=2\), then \({\mathcal{G}}\) is a meta-procyclic pro-\(2\)-group.\par The authors use the main result to prove that the \(4\)-rank of the class group of \({k}_n\) is \(1\) for all \(n\) where \({k}={\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{\delta p_1p_2 q})\), \(\delta\in\{1,2\}\) and \(p_1,p_2,q\) are three distinct primes such that \(p_1\equiv p_2\equiv -q\equiv 1\bmod 4\), \(\big(\frac{2}{p_1}\big)=\big(\frac{2}{p_2}\big)=-1\) and \(\big(\frac{q}{p_1}\big)=\big(\frac{q}{p_2}\big)\). Similarly, it is shown that if besides \(\big(\frac{q}{p_1}\big)=\big(\frac{q}{p_2}\big)=-(-1)^{\delta}\), then \({\mathcal{G}}\) is a meta-procyclic pro-\(2\)-group.
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