The universal unramified module for GL(n) and the Ihara conjecture

DOI10.2140/ANT.2021.15.1181MaRDI QIDQ2045157zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gilbert Moss

Publication date 12 August 2021

Published in Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.02709

zbMATH Keywords

Ihara's lemmamod-\(\ell\) automorphic formsuniversal unramified module

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Congruences for modular and (p)-adic modular forms (11F33) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over local fields (22E50) Representations of Lie and linear algebraic groups over global fields and adèle rings (22E55)

Abstract: Let $F$ be a finite extension of $mathbb{Q}_p$. Let $W(k)$ denote the Witt vectors of an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $ell$ different from $p$ and $2$, and let $mathcalZ$ be the spherical Hecke algebra for $G{L}_n(F)$ over $W(k)$. Given a Hecke character $lambda:mathcalZoR$, where $R$ is an arbitrary $W(k)$-algebra, we introduce the universal unramified module $mathcal{M}_{lambda,R}$. We show $mathcal{M}_{lambda,R}$ embeds in its Whittaker space and is flat over $R$, resolving a conjecture of Lazarus. It follows that $mathcal{M}_{lambda,k}$ has the same semisimplification as any unramified principle series with Hecke character $lambda$. In the setting of mod-$ell$ automorphic forms, Clozel, Harris, and Taylor formulate a conjectural analogue of Ihara's lemma. It predicts that every irreducible submodule of a certain cyclic module $V$ of mod-$ell$ automorphic forms is generic. Our result on the Whittaker model of $mathcal{M}_{lambda,k}$ reduces the Ihara conjecture to the statement that $V$ is generic.

Review text

Let \(p\) be a prime number. Let \(F\) be a finite extension of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\). Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(\ell>0\) and \(\ell\neq p\). Let \(\mathcal{\mathcal{O}}_F\) be the ring of integers of \(F\). Let \(G=\mathrm{GL}_n(F)\) and \(K=\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathcal{O}_F)\). The space \(k[G/K]\) of finitely supported functions on \(G/K\) is naturally a module over the Hecke algebra \(k[K\backslash G/K]\). Let \(\lambda: k[K\backslash G/K]\rightarrow k\) be a homomorphism. The universal unramified module for \(\lambda\) is the \(k[G]\)-module defined by \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}:=k[G/K]\otimes_{k[K\backslash G/K],\lambda}k.\)\par The paper under review proves several interesting results for \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\). Under the Satake isomorphism the morphism \(\lambda:k[K\backslash G/K]\rightarrow k\) gives rise to characters \(\chi:T\rightarrow k^{\times}\) where \(T\) is the diagonal torus of \(G\). The paper proves a conjecture of Lazarus that \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\) shares the same semisimplification with the unramified principal series induced from \(\chi\). To prove this result, the author studies universal unramified modules \(W_{\lambda,R}\), replacing the coefficient ring \(k\) by \(W(k)\)-algebras \(R\). The author proves that \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,R}\) is flat over \(R\) for any \(\lambda:W(k)[K\backslash G/K]\rightarrow R\) and uses the known comparisons of the universal unramified modules and unramified principal series in characteristic \(0\).\par To apply to the Ihara conjecture concerning the genericity of certain representations generated by mod-\(\ell\) automorphic forms, the author compares \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\) with the Whittaker space \(\mathrm{Ind}_U^G\psi\) where \(U\) is the unipotent radical of the standard Borel subgroup of \(G\) and \(\psi\) is a fixed non-degenerate character of \(U\) extended from an additive character \(\psi:F\rightarrow k^{\times}\) in the usual way. For each \(\lambda\), the author defines a canonical map \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\rightarrow \mathrm{Ind}_U^G\psi\). The main theorem of the paper states that this map \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\rightarrow \mathrm{Ind}_U^G\psi\) is an injection. The proof uses induction on \(n\), and involves the study of Jacquet modules of both \(\mathcal{M}_{\lambda,k}\) and \(\mathrm{Ind}_U^G\psi\). These results allow the author to give equivalent easier statements of the Ihara's lemma in [\textit{L. Clozel} et al., Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Étud. Sci. 108, 1--181 (2008; Zbl 1169.11020)].

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Cited in

(4)

• Universal module in characteristic \(l>0\) associated to a character of the Hecke algebra of \(\text{GL}(n)\) over a \(p\)-adic field with \(l\neq p\)
• The unipotent modules of \(\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathbb {F}_{q})\) via tableaux
• The unipotent modules of \(\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbb F_q)\) via tableaux
• Platitude du module universel pour $\mathrm{GL}_3$ en caractéristique non banale

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