A Menon-type identity concerning Dirichlet characters and a generalization of the gcd function

DOI10.1007/S12044-021-00609-8MaRDI QIDQ2047422zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Arya Chandran, K. Vishnu Namboothiri, Neha Elizabeth Thomas

Publication date 20 August 2021

Published in Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Mathematical Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.12509

zbMATH Keywords

Dirichlet charactergeneralized gcdKlee's functionMenon-type identity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Multiplicative structure; Euclidean algorithm; greatest common divisors (11A05) Arithmetic functions; related numbers; inversion formulas (11A25)

Abstract: Menon's identity is a classical identity involving gcd sums and the Euler totient function $phi$. In a recent paper, Zhao and Cao derived the Menon-type identity $sumlimit{s}_{substackk=1}^n(k-1,n)chi(k)=phi(n)au(fracnd)$, where $chi$ is a Dirichlet character mod $n$ with conductor $d$. We derive an identity similar to this replacing gcd with a generalization it. We also show that some of the arguments used in the derivation of Zhao-Cao identity can be improved if one uses the method we employ here.

Review text

The classical Menon's identity states that \[ \sum\limits_{\substack{k=1\\(k, n)=1}}^{n} (k-1, n)=\varphi(n)\tau(n), \] where \(\varphi\) is Euler's totient function and \(\tau\) is the divisor number function, see \textit{P.~Kesava Menon} [J. Indian Math. Soc., New Ser. 29, 155--163 (1965; Zbl 0144.27706)]. This identity has been generalized in various directions in the literature. The present authors consider a further generalization. In a recent paper, \textit{X.-P. Zhao} and \textit{Z.-F. Cao} [Int. J. Number Theory 13, No. 9, 2373--2379 (2017; Zbl 1392.11004)] derived the Menon-type identity \(\sum_{k=1}^n(k-1,n)\chi (k)=\phi (n)\tau(\frac{n}{d})\), where \(\chi\) is a Dirichlet character mod \(n\) with conductor \(d\). The present authors give an identity similar to this replacing gcd with a generalization of it. This leads to Klee's totient function \(\Phi_s\), see \textit{V. L. Klee} [Am. Math. Mon. 55, 358--359 (1948; Zbl 0030.29504)].

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Cited in

(7)

• Some generalisations of Brauer-Rademacher identity and Menon sum identity
• Menon-type identities concerning Dirichlet characters
• A generalization of Menon's identity with Dirichlet characters
• Menon-type identities again: a note on a paper by Li, Kim and Qiao
• A Menon-type identity using Klee's function
• Another generalization of Menon's identity in the ring of algebraic integers
• Proofs, generalizations and analogs of Menon's identity: a survey

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