On the heat content functional and its critical domains
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Publication:2048882
Overdetermined initial-boundary value problems for PDEs and systems of PDEs (35N30) Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) Spectral theory; eigenvalue problems on manifolds (58C40) Variational problems concerning extremal problems in several variables; Yang-Mills functionals (58E15) Heat and other parabolic equation methods for PDEs on manifolds (58J35)
Abstract: We study and classify smooth bounded domains in an analytic Riemannian manifold which are critical for the heat content at all times t>0. We do that by first computing the first variation of the heat content, and then showing that a domain is critical if and only if it has the so-called constant flow property, so that we can use a previous classification result established by the author. The outcome is that a domain is critical for the heat content at all times if and only if it admits an isoparametric foliation, that is, a foliation whose leaves are all parallel to the boundary and have constant mean curvature. Then, we consider the sequence of functionals given by the exit-time moments, which generalize the torsional rigidity. We prove that a domain is critical for all exit time moments if and only it is critical for the heat content at all times, and then we get a classification as well. The main purpose of the paper is to understand the variational properties of general isoparametric foliations and their role in PDE's theory; in some respect isoparametric foliations generalize the properties of the foliation of Euclidean space by round spheres.
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