Prime power variations of higher Lie_n modules

DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2021.105512MaRDI QIDQ2049448zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Sheila Sundaram

Publication date 25 August 2021

Published in Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.06389

zbMATH Keywords

exterior powerhigher Lie modulesplethysmSchur positivitysymmetric power

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetric functions and generalizations (05E05) Combinatorial aspects of representation theory (05E10) Group actions on combinatorial structures (05E18) Representations of finite symmetric groups (20C30)

Abstract: We define, for each subset $S$ of the set $mathcalP$ of primes, an $S_n$-module $Li{e}_n^S$ with interesting properties. $Li{e}_n^{e}mptyset$ is the well-known representation $Li{e}_n$ of $S_n$ afforded by the free Lie algebra, while $Li{e}_n^{m}athcalP$ is the module $C!on{j}_n$ of the conjugacy action of $S_n$ on $n$-cycles. For arbitrary $S$ the module $Li{e}_n^S$ interpolates between the representations $Li{e}_n$ and $C!on{j}_n.$ We consider the symmetric and exterior powers of $Li{e}_n^S.$ These are the analogues of the higher Lie modules of Thrall. We show that the Frobenius characteristic of these higher $Li{e}_n^S$ modules can be elegantly expressed as a multiplicity-free sum of power sums. In particular this establishes the Schur positivity of new classes of sums of power sums. More generally, for each nonempty subset $T$ of positive integers we define a sequence of symmetric functions $f_n^T$ of homogeneous degree $n.$ We show that the series $su{m}_{lambda,lambd{a}_{i}inT}{p}_{l}ambda$ can be expressed as symmetrised powers of the functions $f_n^T$, analogous to the higher Lie modules first defined by Thrall. This in turn allows us to unify previous results on the Schur positivity of multiplicity-free sums of power sums, as well as investigate new ones. We also uncover some curious plethystic relationships between $f_n^T$, the conjugacy action and the Lie representation.

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Cited in

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• On the root symmetry of higher Lie characters.
• On a curious variant of the \(S_n\)-module \(\text{Lie}_n\)
• On a variant of \(\text{Lie}_{n}\)
• The Lie module of the symmetric group.
• Multiplicities of Higher Lie Characters
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