Mappings and spaces defined by the function epsilon

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2021.107741MaRDI QIDQ2049862zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Włodzimierz J. Charatonik, Daria Michalik

Publication date 27 August 2021

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2021.107741

confluent map continuum Kelley property lower semi-continuous function set-valued function upper semi-continuous function

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Continua and generalizations (54F15) Hyperspaces of continua (54F16)

Review text

A continuum is a compact and connected metric space. Given a continuum \(X\), \(C(X)\) denotes the hyperspace of all nonempty closed and connected subsets of \(X\), equipped with the Hausdorff metric. For a given continuum \(X\) the function \(\epsilon_X:X\to C^{2}(X)\) is given by \[\epsilon_{X}(x)=\textrm{cl}\{K\in C(X):x\in\textrm{int}K\},\] where \(C^{2}(X)=C(C(X))\). In the paper under review the authors consider the class \(S(\epsilon)\) of all continua determined by continuity of \(\epsilon_{X}\) and the class \(M(\epsilon)\) of mappings between continua \(f:X\to Y\) such that \(\epsilon_{Y}\circ f=C^{2}(f)\circ \epsilon_{X}\). The general purpose of the article is the study of spaces in \(S(\epsilon)\) and mappings in \(M(\epsilon)\). Amongst others, the authors determine within a class of continua or mappings, those of their elements in \(S(\epsilon)\) or \(M(\epsilon)\), respectively. In addition, the authors present a good number of examples that show the importance of the hypotheses in the results shown.

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