Monotonic and nonmonotonic immune responses in viral infection systems

DOI10.3934/DCDSB.2021035zbMATH Open1486.34104arXiv1908.00687OpenAlexW3122070100MaRDI QIDQ2064488FDOQ2064488

Authors: Yanyan Li 

Publication date: 6 January 2022

Published in: Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. Series B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper, we study two-dimensional, three-dimensional monotonic and nonmonotonic immune responses in viral infection systems. Our results show that the viral infection systems with monotonic immune response has no bistability appear. However, the systems with nonmonotonic immune response has bistability appear under some conditions. For immune intensity, we got two important thresholds, post-treatment control threshold and elite control threshold. When immune intensity is less than post-treatment control threshold, the virus will be rebound. The virus will be under control when immune intensity is larger than elite control threshold. While between the two thresholds is a bistable interval. When immune intensity is in the bistable interval, the system can have bistability appear. Select the rate of immune cells stimulated by the viruses as a bifurcation parameter for nonmonotonic immune responses, we prove the system exhibits saddle-node bifurcation and transcritical bifurcation.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.00687

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zbMATH Keywords

transcritical bifurcationsaddle-node bifurcationelite control thresholdpost-treatment control thresholdmonotonic and nonmonotonic immune response

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Medical epidemiology (92C60) Epidemiology (92D30) Qualitative investigation and simulation of ordinary differential equation models (34C60) Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Asymptotic properties of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D05) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20)

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Cited In (8)

• Local immunodeficiency: role of neutral viruses
• Varying inoculum dose to assess the roles of the immune response and target cell depletion by the pathogen in control of acute viral infections
• Delayed nonmonotonic immune response in HIV infection system
• Analysis of equilibria and connecting orbits in a nonlinear viral infection model
• Immune Responses against Conserved and Variable Viral Epitopes
• Bifurcations and bistability of an age-structured viral infection model with a nonmonotonic immune response
• COMPARATIVE DYNAMICS OF MONOVALENT AND BIVALENT VACCINATION FOR IMMUNOLOGICALLY UNRELATED PATHOGENS
• Complex dynamics for an immunosuppressive infection model with virus stimulation delay and nonlinear immune expansion

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