Maximum deconstructibility in module categories

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2021.106934MaRDI QIDQ2065626zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 12 January 2022

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.11084

deconstructible elementary submodel Gorenstein projective precovering stationary logic

Applications of set theory (03E75) Applications of logic in associative algebras (16B70) Free, projective, and flat modules and ideals in associative algebras (16D40) Module categories in associative algebras (16D90) Homological functors on modules (Tor, Ext, etc.) in associative algebras (16E30) Relative homological algebra, projective classes (category-theoretic aspects) (18G25)

Abstract: We prove that Vopv{e}nka's Principle implies that for every class

m a t h f r a k X

of modules over any ring, the class of extbf{

-Gorenstein Projective modules} ( extbf{

-

}) is a special precovering class. In particular, it is not possible to prove (unless Vopv{e}nka's Principle is inconsistent) that there is a ring over which the extbf{Ding Projectives} (

) or the extbf{Gorenstein Projectives} (

) do not form a precovering class (v{S}aroch previously obtained this result for the class

m a t h c a l G P

, using different methods). The key innovation is a new "top-down" characterization of emph{deconstructibility}, which is a well-known sufficient condition for a class to be precovering. We also prove that Vopv{e}nka's Principle implies, in some sense, the maximum possible amount of deconstructibility in module categories.

Review text

For a class of \(\mathcal{F}\) of modules, \textit{homological algebra relative to} \(\mathcal{F}\) attempts to employ similar methods to classical homological algebra with \(\mathcal{F}\) playing the same role that the class \(\mathcal{P}_{0}\) of projective modules does in the classical setting. It turned out that, in order for them to work well (e.g. for the relative \(\mathrm{Ext}\) independent of the \(\mathcal{F}\)-resolutions), \(\mathcal{F}\) should be a \textit{precovering class}, aka \textit{right-approximating} class. Around the turn of the millennium [\textit{P. C. Eklof} and \textit{J. Trlifaj}, Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 33, No. 1, 41--51 (2001; Zbl 1030.16004); \textit{L. Bican} et al., Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 33, No. 4, 385--390 (2001; Zbl 1029.16002)], the notion of a deconstructible class grew out of the solution of the \textit{Flat Cover Conjecture} [\textit{E. E. Enochs}, Isr. J. Math. 39, 189--209 (1981; Zbl 0464.16019); \textit{H. Bass}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 95, 466--488 (1960; Zbl 0094.02201)]. Deconstructible classes are always precovering [\textit{R. Göbel} and \textit{J. Trlifaj}, Approximations and endomorphism algebras of modules. Volume 1: Approximations. Volume 2: Predictions. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter (2012; Zbl 1292.16001), Theorem 7.21], to show that a class is deconstructible having become one of the main tools in demonstration that the class is precovering. The principal objective in this paper is to establish a new top-down characterization of deconstructibility with two main applications below which are relative consistency results. \begin{itemize} \item[(I)] Vopĕnka's Principle (VP) [\textit{R. M. Solovay} et al., Ann. Math. Logic 13, 73--116 (1978; Zbl 0376.02055); \textit{A. Kanamori}, Stud. Logic Found. Math. 96, 145--153 (1978; Zbl 0453.03055)] implies that for any class \(\mathfrak{X}\) of modules, the class \(\mathfrak{X}-\mathcal{GP}\) of \(\mathfrak{X}\)-Gorenstein projective modules is deconstructible. \item[(II)] VP implies that every class of modules, or of complexes of modules, that could conceivably be deconstructible, is in fact deconstructible. \end{itemize}

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