Optimal artificial boundary condition for random elliptic media

DOI10.1007/S10208-021-09492-1MaRDI QIDQ2067683zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Felix Otto, Jianfeng Lu

Publication date 18 January 2022

Published in Foundations of Computational Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.09593

zbMATH Keywords

artificial boundary conditionmultipole expansionrandom mediastochastic homogenization

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Homogenization in context of PDEs; PDEs in media with periodic structure (35B27) Boundary value problems for second-order elliptic equations (35J25) Numerical methods for partial differential equations, boundary value problems (65N99)

Abstract: We are given a uniformly elliptic coefficient field that we regard as a realization of a stationary and finite-range (say, range unity) ensemble of coefficient fields. Given a (deterministic) right-hand-side supported in a ball of size $ellgg1$ and of vanishing average, we are interested in an algorithm to compute the (gradient of the) solution near the origin, just using the knowledge of the (given realization of the) coefficient field in some large box of size $Lggell$. More precisely, we are interested in the most seamless (artificial) boundary condition on the boundary of the computational domain of size $L$. Motivated by the recently introduced multipole expansion in random media, we propose an algorithm. We rigorously establish an error estimate (on the level of the gradient) in terms of $Lggellgg1$, using recent results in quantitative stochastic homogenization. More precisely, our error estimate has an a priori and an a posteriori aspect: With a priori overwhelming probability, the (random) prefactor can be bounded by a constant that is computable without much further effort, on the basis of the given realization in the box of size $L$. We also rigorously establish that the order of the error estimate in both $L$ and $ell$ is optimal, where in this paper we focus on the case of $d=2$. This amounts to a lower bound on the variance of the quantity of interest when conditioned on the coefficients inside the computational domain, and relies on the deterministic insight that a sensitivity analysis wrt a defect commutes with (stochastic) homogenization. Finally, we carry out numerical experiments that show that this optimal convergence rate already sets in at only moderately large $L$, and that more naive boundary conditions perform worse both in terms of rate and prefactor.

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Cited in

(6)

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• Random acoustic boundary conditions and Weyl's law for Laplace-Beltrami operators on non-smooth boundaries

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