Long-range correlations of sequences modulo 1

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2021.06.025MaRDI QIDQ2071708zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Christopher Lutsko

Publication date 28 January 2022

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.09292

zbMATH Keywords

exponential sumslocal statisticssequences modulo 1

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General theory of distribution modulo (1) (11K06) Diophantine approximation in probabilistic number theory (11K60) Estimates on exponential sums (11L07) Relations between ergodic theory and number theory (37A44)

Abstract: In this paper we consider the fractional parts of a general sequence, for example the sequence $alphasqrtn$ or $alpha{n}^2$. We give a general method, which allows one to show that long-range correlations (correlations where the support of the test function grows as we consider more points) are Poissonian. We show that these statements about convergence can be reduced to bounds on associated Weyl sums. In particular we apply this methodology to the aforementioned examples. In so doing, we recover a recent result of Technau-Walker (2020) for the triple correlation of $alpha{n}^2$ and generalize the result to higher moments. For both of the aforementioned sequences this is one of the only results which indicates the pseudo-random nature of the higher level ($mge3$) correlations.

Review text

This article deals with the distribution of the fractional parts \((\{ a(n) \})_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\) of real sequences \( (a(n))_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\), i.e., the sequence given by \(a(n)\ (\bmod{1})\) for \(n\in\mathbb{N}\). Classical examples of sequences \(a(n)\) studied in the literature are, e.g., \(a(n)=\alpha \sqrt{n}\), \(a(n)=\alpha n^2\), or, more generally, \(a(n)=\alpha n^\beta\) for some \(\alpha\in \mathbb{R}\setminus \{0\}\) and \(\beta>0\). In particular, the paper deals with a way of assessing the uniformity of distribution of such fractional parts of sequences by considering the distribution of gaps between neighboring points of the sequence. However, it is in general very challenging to directly study the gap distribution for a given sequence, which is why one frequently considers so called \(m\)-level correlations of the first \(N\) points of the sequence instead. The \(m\)-level correlation of a sequence is called Poissonian if it converges, for a function \(f\) in a certain class, to the integral of that function. The sequence is called Poissonian if all \(m\)-level correlations for \(m\ge 2\) are Poissonian, and it can be shown that the gap distribution of such a sequence is exponential. The current paper, however, does not directly study the \(m\)-level correlations, but a coarser measure, namely so-called long-range correlations, where the support of the functions \(f\) under consideration is increased. The author derives a general method to show that these long-range correlations are Poissonian, and gives a relation to Weyl sums. In particular, the method is applied to some concrete examples of sequences that are frequently studied in the literature.

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Cites work

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Cited in

(7)

• Gap statistics and higher correlations for geometric progressions modulo one
• Intermediate-scale statistics for real-valued lacunary sequences
• Triple correlation and long gaps in the spectrum of flat tori
• Sums of square roots that are close to an integer
• On the number variance of sequences with small additive energy
• Effective statistics of pairs of fractional powers of complex grid points
• Pair correlation of the fractional parts of n^

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