A cubic ring of integers with the smallest Pythagoras number

DOI10.1007/S00013-021-01662-5MaRDI QIDQ2071772zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jakub Krásenský

Publication date 31 January 2022

Published in Archiv der Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.11772

zbMATH Keywords

indecomposable elementlocal-global principlePythagoras numbersimplest cubic fieldsum of squarestotally real fielduniversal quadratic form

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quadratic forms over global rings and fields (11E12) Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25) Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers (11R04) Cubic and quartic extensions (11R16) Totally real fields (11R80)

Abstract: We prove that the ring of integers in the totally real cubic subfield $K^{(49)}$ of the cyclotomic field $mathbbQ(zet{a}_7)$ has Pythagoras number equal to $4$. This is the smallest possible value for a totally real number field of odd degree. Moreover, we determine which numbers are sums of integral squares in this field, and use this knowledge to construct a diagonal universal quadratic form in five variables.

Review text

The author proves that the ring of integers in the unique number field \(K^{(49)}= \mathbb{Q}(\zeta_7+ \zeta^{-1}_7)\) of discriminant \(49\) has Pythagoras number equal to \(4\). Moreover, it is determined which numbers are sums of integral squares in this field. An application is presented in the construction of a diagonal universal quadratic form in \(5\) variables, namely \(x^2_1+ x^2_2+ x^2_3+ x^2_4+ (1+\rho+\rho^2)x^2_5\), where \(\varphi= \zeta_7+ \zeta^{-1}_7\).

Recommendations

• Pythagoras numbers of orders in biquadratic fields
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• Lifting problem for universal quadratic forms
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Cites work

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Cited in

(8)

• Pythagoras numbers of orders in biquadratic fields
• On quadratic Waring’s problem in totally real number fields
• On the Pythagoras number of the simplest cubic fields
• Universal quadratic forms and indecomposables in number fields: a survey
• Bounds on the Pythagoras number and indecomposables in biquadratic fields
• Failures of integral Springer's theorem
• Arithmetic of cubic number fields: Jacobi-Perron, Pythagoras, and indecomposables
• Additive structure of non-monogenic simplest cubic fields

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