On pushed wavefronts of monostable equation with unimodal delayed reaction

DOI10.3934/DCDS.2021103MaRDI QIDQ2075112zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jana Kopfová, Petra Nábělková, Karel Hasik, Sergei Trofimchuk

Publication date 14 February 2022

Published in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06058

zbMATH Keywords

minimal speedpushed wavetraveling front

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary value problems for functional-differential equations (34K10) Heteroclinic and homoclinic orbits of functional-differential equations (34K16) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)

Abstract: We study the Mackey-Glass type monostable delayed reaction-diffusion equation with a unimodal birth function $g(u)$. This model, designed to describe evolution of single species populations, is considered here in the presence of the weak Allee effect ($g(u_0)>g^{\prime }(0)u_0$ for some $u_0>0$). We focus our attention on the existence of slow monotonic traveling fronts to the equation: under given assumptions, this problem seems to be rather difficult since the usual positivity and monotonicity arguments are not effective. First, we solve the front existence problem for small delays, $hin[0,h_p]$, where $h_p$ (given by an explicit formula) is optimal in a certain sense. Then we take a representative piece-wise linear unimodal birth function making possible explicit computation of traveling fronts. In this case, we find out that a) increase of delay can destroy asymptotically stable pushed fronts; b) the set of all admissible wavefront speeds has usual structure of a semi-infinite interval $[c_{\ast },+infty)$; c) for each $hgeq0$, the pushed wavefront is unique (if it exists); d) pushed wave can oscillate slowly around the positive equilibrium for sufficiently large delays.

Review text

This paper investigates the wavefront velocities of the delayed reaction-diffusion equation \[ u_{t}(t,x)=u_{xx}(t,x)-u(t,x)+g(u(t-h,x)). \] In the case of ``small delay and unimodal $g$, it is proven -- as expected -- that the set of admissible velocities has the structure of a closed ray and that critical velocity wavefronts decay expontentially as $t\to-\infty$. A linearized version of the equation is analysed as the product of two differential operators, and several useful relations are thus obtained, including a representation of the solution as a convolution with the fundamental solution. It follows an in-depth analysis of a ``toy model with \(g(u):=\{ku,0\leq u<1-u+4,1\leq u\}\).

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Cites work

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Cited in

(4)

• Pushed traveling fronts in monostable equations with monotone delayed reaction
• Asymptotic convergence to pushed wavefronts in a monostable equation with delayed reaction
• Wavefront's stability with asymptotic phase in the delayed monostable equations
• Two reasons for the appearance of pushed wavefronts in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky system with spatiotemporal interaction

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