Sobolev-Gaffney type inequalities for differential forms on sub-Riemannian contact manifolds with bounded geometry
Inequalities for sums, series and integrals (26D15) PDEs on Heisenberg groups, Lie groups, Carnot groups, etc. (35R03) Analysis on other specific Lie groups (43A80) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35) Sub-Riemannian geometry (53C17) Contact manifolds (general theory) (53D10) Differential forms in global analysis (58A10)
The proof of Gaffney's inequality for differential forms goes back to [\textit{M. P. Gaffney}, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 37, 48--50 (1951; Zbl 0042.10205)] for manifolds without boundary, and to [\textit{K. O. Friedrichs}, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 8, 551--590 (1955; Zbl 0066.07504); \textit{C. B. Morrey jun.}, Multiple integrals in the calculus of variations. Springer, Cham (1966; Zbl 0142.38701)] for manifolds with boundary, where differential forms abide by additional conditions on the boundary. The proof of the above inequality in a compact Riemannian manifold without boundary, replacing the Sobolev space \(W^{1,2}\) by a more general Sobolev space \(W^{1,p}\), is due to [\textit{C. Scott}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 347, No. 6, 2075--2096 (1995; Zbl 0849.58002)] where, as a corollary, a \(L^{p}\)-Hodge decomposition result was obtained. Its counterpart, for compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary, is owing to [\textit{T. Iwaniec} et al., Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) 177, 37--115 (1999; Zbl 0963.58003)]. The investigation of the \(L^{p}\)-Hodge theory for noncompact Riemannian manifolds can be seen in [\textit{E. Amar}, Math. Z. 296, No. 1--2, 877--879 (2020; Zbl 1441.58001); \textit{E. Amar}, Math. Z. 287, No. 3--4, 751--795 (2017; Zbl 1404.58005)]. An exhaustive overview of such Gaffney-type inequalities in the Riemannian setting can be found in [\textit{G. Csato} et al., J. Funct. Anal. 274, No. 2, 461--503 (2018; Zbl 1407.58002)]. The principal objective in this paper is to establish a type inequality, in \(W^{1,p}\) Sobolev spaces, for differential forms on sub-Riemannian contact manifolds, without boundary, having bounded geometry. The proof relies on the structure of the Rumin's complex of differential forms in contact manifolds [\textit{M. Rumin}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I 310, No. 6, 401--404 (1990; Zbl 0694.57010); \textit{M. Rumin}, J. Differ. Geom. 39, No. 2, 281--330 (1994; Zbl 0973.53524)], on a Sobolev-Gaffney inequality established by \textit{A. Baldi} and \textit{B. Franchi} [J. Funct. Anal. 265, No. 10, 2388--2419 (2013; Zbl 1282.35391)] in the setting of the Heisenberg groups on some geometric properties that can be proved for sub-Riemannian contact manifolds with bounded geometry.
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