Small modifications of Mori dream spaces arising from C^-actions

DOI10.1007/S40879-022-00540-WMaRDI QIDQ2087705zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Gianluca Occhetta, Eleonora A. Romano, Jarosław A. Wiśniewski, Luis E. Solá Conde

Publication date 21 October 2022

Published in European Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.07209

zbMATH Keywords

birational geometry torus actions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays) (14E30) Geometric invariant theory (14L24) Group actions on varieties or schemes (quotients) (14L30) Homogeneous spaces and generalizations (14M17)

Abstract: We link small modifications of projective varieties with a

{m a t h b b C}^{*}

-action to their GIT quotients. Namely, using flips with centers in closures of Bia{l}ynicki-Birula cells, we produce a system of birational equivariant modifications of the original variety, which includes those on which a quotient map extends from a set of semistable points to a regular morphism. The structure of the modifications is completely described for the blowup along the sink and the source of smooth varieties with Picard number one with a

{m a t h b b C}^{*}

-action which has no finite isotropy for any point. Examples can be constructed upon homogeneous varieties with a

{m a t h b b C}^{*}

-action associated to short grading of their Lie algebras.

Review text

Let \(X\) be a smooth complex projective variety, and \(L\) an ample \({\mathbb Q}\)-divisor on \(X\). Let us assume that \(X\) admits a \({\mathbb C}^*\) action. The main goal of the paper under review is to link small modifications of \(X\) to GIT quotiens with respect to this action. Any fixed point component \(Y\) of such action has a weight with respect to \(L\). Moreover, for any orbit \(t \cdot x\), there exist a limit when \(t \to 0\), the source, and to infinity, the sink. This allows to define, for each fixed point component \(Y\), the closure of the set of points whose source (resp. whose sink) lies on \(Y\). This is the so called Bialynicki-Birula cell decomposition. The weights order the set of fixed point components \(Y_{a_i}\) of the action, where the minimum is reached at the \(0\)-weight component, the source of the action (source for general \(x \in X\)), and the maximum reached at \(Y_r\), the sink of the action (sink for general \(x \in X\)). The indices \(a_i\) are called critical values. On the other hand, fixing \(i\) such that \(a_i\) is a critical vale, a set of semistable points for the action can be defined por the pairs \((i,i+1)\). Correspondingly, GIT quotients \({\mathcal G}X(i,i+1)\) appear. With these definitions, the interplay between small modifications and GIT quotients proved in the paper under review is exemplified in Thm. 1.1 (under the assumption on the action to be equalized, details in Lemma 2.1). To be precise: Assume that \(Y_0\) and \(Y_r\) are not isolated points. (1) The varieties \(\mathcal{G}X(i,i +1)\) are smooth and the natural birational maps from \(\mathcal{G}X(i,i+1)\) to \(\mathcal{G}X(i+1,i+2)\) are flips. (2) The blowup of \(X\) along \(Y_0\), \(Y_r\) is a Mori dream space. (3) For each possible \((i,j)\), there exists a unique small \({\mathbb Q}\)-factorial modification \(X(i,j)\) of \(X\) that is smooth and admits a \({\mathbb C}^*\)-action with extremal fixed point components \(\mathcal{G}X(i,i +1)\), \(\mathcal{G}X(j,j+1)\) (4) Every small \({\mathbb Q}\)-factorial modification of \(X\) is constructed as above.

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