Mathematical justification of the point vortex dynamics in background fields on surfaces as an Euler-Arnold flow

DOI10.1007/S13160-022-00529-8MaRDI QIDQ2111564zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Yuuki Shimizu

Publication date 17 January 2023

Published in Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.00626

zbMATH Keywords

Euler equationspoint vortex dynamicsde Rham current

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs (35B65) Laplace operator, Helmholtz equation (reduced wave equation), Poisson equation (35J05) Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Euler equations (35Q31) de Rham theory in global analysis (58A12) Vortex flows for incompressible inviscid fluids (76B47) PDEs on graphs and networks (ramified or polygonal spaces) (35R02) Geophysical flows (76U60)

Abstract: The point vortex dynamics in background fields on surfaces is justified as an Euler-Arnold flow in the sense of de Rham currents. We formulate a current-valued solution of the Euler-Arnold equation with a regular-singular decomposition. For the solution, we first prove that, if the singular part of the vorticity is given by a linear combination of delta functions centered at $q_n(t)$ for $n=1,ldots,N$, $q_n(t)$ is a solution of the point vortex equation. Conversely, we next prove that, if $q_n(t)$ is a solution of the point vortex equation for $n=1,ldots,N$, there exists a current-valued solution of the Euler-Arnold equation with a regular-singular decomposition such that the singular part of the vorticity is given by a linear combination of delta functions centered at $q_n(t)$. As a corollary, we generalize the Bernoulli law to the case where the flow field is a curved surface and where the presence of point vortices is taken into account. From the viewpoint of the application, the mathematical justification is of a significance since the point vortex dynamics in the rotational vector field on the unit sphere is adapted as a mathematical model of geophysical flow in order to take effect of the Coriolis force on inviscid flows into consideration.

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