Degenerate principal series and nilpotent invariants
Let \(G\) be a noncompact real semisimple Lie group. The representation theory of \(G\) is a fertile branch of the whole field of representation theory, and the main topic there is to understand infinite dimensional irreducible representations, especially unitary ones (unitary dual problem). To understand them there are two main directions. One is to construct representations (parabolic induction/ orbit methods/ theta correspondence, etc.) and the other is to identify each representations. For the latter problem, Vogan attached a nice geometric invariant to each representation, namely associated cycles [\textit{D. A. Vogan jun.}, Prog. Math. 101, 315--388 (1991; Zbl 0832.22019)]. This is a positive integer linear combination of nilpotent orbits, which are known to be finitely many. In this paper under review the author computes the associated cycles for relatively small representations which appear in the degenerate principal series for the symplectic group \( Sp(2n, \mathbb{R}) \). There are several techniques needed, but the main tool here is the machinery of the theta correspondence. Namely, by the work of \textit{S. T. Lee} [Compos. Math. 103, No. 2, 123--151 (1996; Zbl 0857.22010)] (also see the references in the paper; Howe, Kudla-Rallis, Lee-Zhu, ...), the theta lift of the trivial representation can be embedded into a degenerate principal series. On the other hand, for the theta lift of the trivial representation, there are rich techniques to compute the associated cycles [\textit{H. Y. Loke} and \textit{J. Ma}, Compos. Math. 151, No. 1, 179--206 (2015; Zbl 1319.22009)]. Combining various embedding and comparing them, the author can specify the associated cycle. She is lucky because the multiplicity of each cycle is always one, and there is no need to use other techniques. Finally, the author also calculates the dimension of generalized Whittaker vectors, which is associated to the nilpotent orbits in the associated cycles, and conclude that the multiplicities of the cycles agree with the dimension of generalized Whittaker vectors. Techniques are largely the same as above, using [\textit{R. Gomez} and \textit{C.-B. Zhu}, Geom. Funct. Anal. 24, No. 3, 796--853 (2014; Zbl 1404.22033); \textit{R. Gomez} et al., Compos. Math. 153, No. 2, 223--256 (2017; Zbl 1384.20039)]. The dimensions are all one. All the results are summarized neatly in Theorems 1.3--1.5, with the parametrization of representations explained in \S~2. The parametrization of nilpotent orbits are given in \S~3.1, related to theta correspondence. By the work of \textit{H. Matumoto} [Compos. Math. 82, No. 2, 189--244 (1992; Zbl 0797.22005)], for the representations of the largest possible Gelfand-Kirillov dimension, the dimension of the Whittaker vectors agree with the multiplicities in the associated cycles. There are no such results in general, but ultimately desired.
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